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Samaritan Deuteronomy

Samaritan Penteteuch

About this book
Chapter 11

1 Therefore you shall love Shema your God and keep his requirements, his rules and his commandments and his decrees always.

2 And know today that [I speak] with you rather than your children, who have not known or seen the discipline of Shema your God, his greatness, and his mighty hand and his outstretched arm, 3 his signs, and his works, which he did in the middle of Egypt to Pharaoh and to all his land, 4 and what he did to the army of Egypt, to their horses, and to their chariots; how he made the water of the sea of Sof flow over them as they pursued you, and how Shema has destroyed them to this day, 5 and what he did to you in the wilderness until you came to this place, 6 and what he did to Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab, the son of Reuben; how the earth opened its mouth, and swallowed them up and all the men who belonged to Korah, and their households and their tents, and every living thing that followed them among all Israel. 7 But your eyes have seen all the great work of Shema which he did. 8 Therefore you shall keep all the commandment which I command you today, so that you may be strong, and go in and possess the land which you are entering to possess, 9 and so that you may live long in the land which Shema swore to your fathers to give to their offspring, a land flowing with milk and honey.

10 For the land which you are entering to possess is not like the land of Egypt, from which you came out, where you sowed your seed and watered it with your feet, like a vegetable garden, 11 but the land which you are crossing over to possess, is a land of hills and valleys, [which] drinks water from the rain of heaven, 12 the land which Shema your God cares for. The eyes of Shema your God are always on it, from the beginning of the year to the end of the year.

13 And if you listen diligently to my commandments which I command you today, to love Shema your God, to serve him with all your heart and with all your soul, 14 he will give the rain of your land in its season, the early rain and the late rain, so that you may gather in your grain, your new wine, and your oil. 15 And he will give grass in your fields for your cattle, and it shall eat and be full. 16 Be careful that your heart is not deceived and you do not turn aside and serve other gods and worship them, 17 otherwise the anger of Shema will burn against you, and he will shut the heavens, so that there shall be no rain and the land shall not yield its fruit, and you will quickly be destroyed from the good land which Shema gives you. 18 Therefore you shall store these words of mine in your heart and in your soul, and you shall tie them as a sign on your hands, and they shall be bands between your eyes. 19 And you shall teach them to your children, talking of them when you sit in the house, when you walk along the road, when you lie down, and when you get up. 20 And you shall write them on the doorposts of your houses and on your gates, 21 so that you and your children may live long in the land which Shema swore to your fathers to give them, as the days of the heavens above the earth.

22 For if you diligently keep all this commandment which I command you today, to do it, to love Shema your God, to walk in all his ways, and to hold fast to him, 23 then Shema will drive out all these nations from before you, and you shall drive out nations greater and mightier than yourself. 24 Every place on which the sole of your foot shall step shall be yours; your territory shall extend from the wilderness and Lebanon and from the river, the river Euphrates, to the western sea. 25 No man shall be able to stand against you. Shema your God shall put fear and dread of you on all the land that you shall step on, as he has spoken to you.

26 Look, I set before you today a blessing and a curse: 27 the blessing, if you listen to the commandments of Shema your God which I command you today, 28 and the curse, if you do not listen to the commandments of Shema your God, but turn aside from the way which I command you today, to follow other gods which you have not known. 29 And when Shema your God brings you into the land which you are entering to possess, you shall set the blessing on [Mount] Ārgarizem and the curse on Mount Ebal. 30 Look, they are beyond the Jordan, beyond the road toward the sunset, in the land of the Canaanites that live in the Arabah, opposite Gilgal, beside Elon Moreh, opposite Shechem!⁠

31 For you are to cross the Jordan to go in to possess the land which Shema your God gives you. And when you possess it and live in it, 32 you shall be careful to do all the decrees and all the rules which I set before you today.

Texts in conversation

Compare Samaritan Deuteronomy 11:30 and Sifre Deuteronomy 56

Samaritan · Rabbinic

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Summary

The Samaritan version of Deuteronomy adds ‘opposite Shechem’ to Moses’ description of Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal. Rabbinic tradition in Sifre Deuteronomy quotes that addition and calls it a Samaritan change to the Torah.

Passages

Samaritan Deuteronomy 11:30

Samaritan · Samaritan Penteteuch
29 And when Shema your God brings you into the land which you are entering to possess, you shall set the blessing on [Mount] Ārgarizem and the curse on Mount Ebal. 30 Look, they are beyond the Jordan, beyond the road toward the sunset, in the land of the Canaanites that live in the Arabah, opposite Gilgal, beside Elon Moreh, opposite Shechem! 31 For you are to cross the Jordan to go in to possess the land which Shema your God gives you. And when you possess it and live in it,
130–120 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Samaritan Deuteronomy

Sifre Deuteronomy 56

Rabbinic · Halakhic Midrash
(Devarim 11:30) "Are they not across the Jordan?": across the Jordan and beyond. These are the words of R. Yehudah. "after the way of the coming of the sun": the place from which the sun shines (i.e., rises). "in the land of the Canaani, who inhabits the plain": This refers to Mount Gerizim and Mount Eival, which are inhabited by Cuthites. "opposite Gilgal": near Gilgal. "near the terebinths of Moreh": This is Shechem. It is written here "the terebinths of Moreh," and, elsewhere, (Bereshith 12:16) "And Avram passed through the land, until the place of Shechem, until the terebinths of Moreh." Just as "the terebinths of Moreh" there, is in Shechem, so, here, (Shechem is intended). R. Elazar b. R. Yossi said: I said to the Cuthite scribes: You falsified the Torah and "brought up" (i.e., originated) nothing. For you wrote "near the terebinths of Moreh near Shechem," (this ["near Shechem"] being the addition of the Cuthites). We, too, agree that it is Shechem. We learn it from a gezeirah shavah , (identity [i.e., we learn it by way of the oral law, to which you do not subscribe]), it being written "Are they not across the Jordan," and, elsewhere "And Avram passed through the land, etc." Just as "the terebinths of Moreh" there, is Shechem, so, here (Shechem is intended). How did you derive it! R. Elazar says: These are not the Mount Eival and Mount Gerizim between the Cuthites, it being written "Are they not across the Jordan" — near the Jordan. "after the way of the coming of the sun" — the place where the sun sets. "in the land of the Canaani": But is it not the land of the Chivi? "who inhabits the plain": But do they not dwell among mountains and hills? "opposite Gilgal": But is the Gilgal not seen from there? — R. Eliezer b. Yaakov says: The purpose of Scripture (here) is (not to give an exact description, but) to teach them the way to return as he showed them in the beginning (viz. Bamidbar 13:17-20), viz. ("after the way") — Go by the way (i.e., by the beaten path) and do not go through the fields. "who inhabits" — Go through the habitation and not through the desert. "in the plain" — Go by way of the plain and not by way of the mountains.
200 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sifre Deuteronomy

References

... Rabbi Eleazar son of Rabbi Jose said: I said to the scribes of the Cutheans (Samaritans), 'You have falsified the Torah but have not benefited from it in the least. You have written, 'by the terebinths of Moreh, which is Shechem,' but we conclude that this refers to Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal, which are likewise situated where the Samaritans live, as it is said, Are they not beyond the Jordan, etc., . . . beside the terebinths of Moreh, while elsewhere it is said, And Abram passed through the land (unto the place of Shechem, unto the terebinth of Moreh). Just as the terebinth of Moreh referred to there is Shechem, so is the terebinth of Moreh referred to here Shechem. Rabbi Eliezer says: This does not refer to the Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal that are situated among the Samaritans ...
Reuven Hammer, Sifre: A Tannaitic Commentary on the Book of Deuteronomy (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1986), 113.

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Samaritan Deuteronomy 11:30 and Sifre Deuteronomy 56

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