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Revelation

About this book
Chapter 7

1 After this I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth, holding back the four winds of the earth so no wind could blow on the earth, on the sea, or on any tree.⁠ 2 Then I saw another angel ascending from the east, who had the seal of the living God. He shouted out with a loud voice to the four angels who had been given permission to damage the earth and the sea: 3 “Do not damage the earth or the sea or the trees until we have put a seal on the foreheads of the servants of our God.” 4 Now I heard the number of those who were marked with the seal, 144,000, sealed from all the tribes of the people of Israel: 5 From the tribe of Judah, 12,000 were sealed, from the tribe of Reuben, 12,000, from the tribe of Gad, 12,000, 6 from the tribe of Asher, 12,000, from the tribe of Naphtali, 12,000, from the tribe of Manasseh, 12,000, 7 from the tribe of Simeon, 12,000, from the tribe of Levi, 12,000, from the tribe of Issachar, 12,000, 8 from the tribe of Zebulun, 12,000, from the tribe of Joseph, 12,000, from the tribe of Benjamin, 12,000 were sealed. 9 After these things I looked, and here was an enormous crowd that no one could count, made up of persons from every nation, tribe, people, and language, standing before the throne and before the Lamb dressed in long white robes, and with palm branches in their hands.⁠ 10 They were shouting out in a loud voice, “Salvation belongs to our God, who is seated on the throne, and to the Lamb!” 11 And all the angels stood there in a circle around the throne and around the elders and the four living creatures, and they threw themselves down with their faces to the ground before the throne and worshiped God, 12 saying, “Amen! Praise and glory, and wisdom and thanksgiving, and honor and power and strength be to our God for ever and ever. Amen!” 13 Then one of the elders asked me, “These dressed in long white robes—who are they and where have they come from?” 14 So I said to him, “My lord, you know the answer.” Then he said to me, “These are the ones who have come out of the great tribulation. They have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb! 15 For this reason they are before the throne of God, and they serve him day and night in his temple, and the one seated on the throne will shelter them. 16 They will never go hungry or be thirsty again, and the sun will not beat down on them, nor any burning heat,⁠ 17 because the Lamb in the middle of the throne will shepherd them and lead them to springs of living water,⁠ and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.”⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 25:8 and Revelation 7:17

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Revelation’s promise that God will wipe away every tear echoes Isaiah’s description of the defeat of death at the end of the exile, where God ironically swallows death like the Canaanite god Mot, the ancient deity of death and the grave.

Passages

Isaiah 25:8

Hebrew Bible
6 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies will hold a banquet for all the nations on this mountain. At this banquet there will be plenty of meat and aged wine—tender meat and choicest wine. 7 On this mountain he will swallow up the shroud that is over all the peoples, the woven covering that is over all the nations; 8 he will swallow up death permanently. The Sovereign Lord will wipe away the tears from every face, and remove his people’s disgrace from all the earth. Indeed, the Lord has announced it! 9 At that time they will say, “Look, here is our God! We waited for him, and he delivered us. Here is the Lord! We waited for him. Let’s rejoice and celebrate his deliverance!” 10 For the hand of the Lord will rest on this mountain23. Moab will be trampled down where it stands, as a heap of straw is trampled down in a manure pile.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Revelation 7:17

New Testament
13 Then one of the elders asked me, “These dressed in long white robes—who are they and where have they come from?” 14 So I said to him, “My lord, you know the answer.” Then he said to me, “These are the ones who have come out of the great tribulation. They have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb! 15 For this reason they are before the throne of God, and they serve him day and night in his temple, and the one seated on the throne will shelter them. 16 They will never go hungry or be thirsty again, and the sun will not beat down on them, nor any burning heat, 17 because the Lamb in the middle of the throne will shepherd them and lead them to springs of living water, and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.”
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... Revelation employs biblical language and imagery in every chapter, but the author never quotes texts exactly. In some cases he paraphrases a biblical passage rather closely (e.g., Hosea 10:8/Revelation 6:16; Isaiah 25:8/Revelation 7:17), but often the connections are less direct. Some studies note nearly three hundred possible allusions to Scripture in Revelation, yet a precise number is difficult to determine because it is not always clear what qualifies as an allusion. Moreover, a single passage in Revelation may combine elements from several biblical texts, as in the proclamation of God as holy and almighty (Revelation 4:8/Isaiah 6:3; Amos 3:13), or may recall expressions that appear in similar forms in multiple passages of Scripture, such as the promise of God dwelling among people in a covenant relationship. The clearest and most frequent allusions are to the books of Isaiah, Ezekiel, Daniel, and Psalms, but the writer also draws on all the books in the Pentateuch, along with Samuel, Kings, Job, Proverbs, Jeremiah, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Micah, Nahum, Zephaniah, and Zechariah. Some scholars note possible allusions to passages in Judges, Esther, Song of Solomon, Ecclesiastes, Habakkuk, and Malachi, though these are less apparent ..."
Craig R. Koester, Revelation: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2014), 123.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 25:8 and Revelation 7:17

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