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Revelation

About this book
Chapter 7

1 After this I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth, holding back the four winds of the earth so no wind could blow on the earth, on the sea, or on any tree.⁠ 2 Then I saw another angel ascending from the east, who had the seal of the living God. He shouted out with a loud voice to the four angels who had been given permission to damage the earth and the sea: 3 “Do not damage the earth or the sea or the trees until we have put a seal on the foreheads of the servants of our God.” 4 Now I heard the number of those who were marked with the seal, 144,000, sealed from all the tribes of the people of Israel: 5 From the tribe of Judah, 12,000 were sealed, from the tribe of Reuben, 12,000, from the tribe of Gad, 12,000, 6 from the tribe of Asher, 12,000, from the tribe of Naphtali, 12,000, from the tribe of Manasseh, 12,000, 7 from the tribe of Simeon, 12,000, from the tribe of Levi, 12,000, from the tribe of Issachar, 12,000, 8 from the tribe of Zebulun, 12,000, from the tribe of Joseph, 12,000, from the tribe of Benjamin, 12,000 were sealed. 9 After these things I looked, and here was an enormous crowd that no one could count, made up of persons from every nation, tribe, people, and language, standing before the throne and before the Lamb dressed in long white robes, and with palm branches in their hands.⁠ 10 They were shouting out in a loud voice, “Salvation belongs to our God, who is seated on the throne, and to the Lamb!” 11 And all the angels stood there in a circle around the throne and around the elders and the four living creatures, and they threw themselves down with their faces to the ground before the throne and worshiped God, 12 saying, “Amen! Praise and glory, and wisdom and thanksgiving, and honor and power and strength be to our God for ever and ever. Amen!” 13 Then one of the elders asked me, “These dressed in long white robes—who are they and where have they come from?” 14 So I said to him, “My lord, you know the answer.” Then he said to me, “These are the ones who have come out of the great tribulation. They have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb! 15 For this reason they are before the throne of God, and they serve him day and night in his temple, and the one seated on the throne will shelter them. 16 They will never go hungry or be thirsty again, and the sun will not beat down on them, nor any burning heat,⁠ 17 because the Lamb in the middle of the throne will shepherd them and lead them to springs of living water,⁠ and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.”⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 49:10 and Revelation 7:16

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Revelation’s vision of people protected from hunger, thirst, and the heat of the sun is based on Isaiah’s promise to the exiles, guided by compassion and led to springs of water. In Isaiah, this describes the renewal of Israel after captivity and exile.

Passages

Isaiah 49:10

Hebrew Bible
7 This is what the Lord, the Protector of Israel, their Holy One, says to the one who is despised and rejected by nations, a servant of rulers: “Kings will see and rise in respect, princes will bow down, because of the faithful Lord, the Holy One of Israel who has chosen you.” 8 This is what the Lord says: “At the time I decide to show my favor, I will respond to you; in the day of deliverance I will help you; I will protect you and make you a covenant mediator for people, to rebuild the land and to reassign the desolate property. 9 You will say to the prisoners, ‘Come out, ’and to those who are in dark dungeons, ‘Emerge.’ They will graze beside the roads; on all the slopes they will find pasture. 10 They will not be hungry or thirsty; the sun’s oppressive heat will not beat down on them, for one who has compassion on them will guide them; he will lead them to springs of water.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Revelation 7:16

New Testament
13 Then one of the elders asked me, “These dressed in long white robes—who are they and where have they come from?” 14 So I said to him, “My lord, you know the answer.” Then he said to me, “These are the ones who have come out of the great tribulation. They have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb! 15 For this reason they are before the throne of God, and they serve him day and night in his temple, and the one seated on the throne will shelter them. 16 They will never go hungry or be thirsty again, and the sun will not beat down on them, nor any burning heat, 17 because the Lamb in the middle of the throne will shepherd them and lead them to springs of living water, and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.”
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... As with the seven seals and the seven trumpets, the series of seven bowls is divided into subgroups. In this case the divisions occur between the third and fourth visions (the angel of the waters, together with the altar, acclaim God’s justice in meting out appropriate punishment on the enemies of his people, Revelation 16:5-7) and between the sixth and seventh visions (the call to wakefulness in view of the impending coming of the Lord, Revelation 16:15), resulting in a 3 + 3 + 1 structure. The pouring out of the fourth bowl on the sun results in scorching heat (Revelation 16:8–9), a reversal of the promise to the new people of God who are sealed in Revelation 7:16 as protection from the coming tribulation, a reversal also of the promise to those Israelites who would return from captivity among the nations (Isaiah 49:10) and of the promise of protection for those making the pilgrimage to Jerusalem (Psalm 121:5–6) ..."
Ralph P. Martin and Peter H. Davids, eds., Dictionary of the Later New Testament & Its Developments (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1997), 248.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 49:10 and Revelation 7:16

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