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About this book

Revelation

About this book
Chapter 13

1 Then I saw a beast coming up out of the sea. It had ten horns and seven heads, and on its horns were ten diadem crowns, and on its heads a blasphemous name.⁠ 2 Now the beast that I saw was like a leopard, but its feet were like a bear’s, and its mouth was like a lion’s mouth.⁠ The dragon gave the beast his power, his throne, and great authority to rule. 3 One of the beast’s heads appeared to have been killed, but the lethal wound had been healed. And the whole world followed the beast in amazement; 4 they worshiped the dragon because he had given ruling authority to the beast, and they worshiped the beast too, saying: “Who is like the beast?” and “Who is able to make war against him?” 5 The beast was given a mouth speaking proud words and blasphemies, and he was permitted to exercise ruling authority for forty-two months. 6 So the beast opened his mouth to blaspheme against God—to blaspheme both his name and his dwelling place, that is, those who dwell in heaven. 7 The beast was permitted to go to war against the saints and conquer them. He was given ruling authority over every tribe, people, language, and nation,⁠ 8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed. 9 If anyone has an ear, he had better listen! 10 If anyone is meant for captivity, into captivity he will go. If anyone is to be killed by the sword, then by the sword he must be killed.⁠ This requires steadfast endurance and faith from the saints. 11 Then I saw another beast coming up from the earth. He had two horns like a lamb, but was speaking like a dragon. 12 He exercised all the ruling authority of the first beast on his behalf, and made the earth and those who inhabit it worship the first beast, the one whose lethal wound had been healed. 13 He performed momentous signs, even making fire come down from heaven to earth in front of people 14 and, by the signs he was permitted to perform on behalf of the beast, he deceived those who live on the earth. He told those who live on the earth to make an image to the beast who had been wounded by the sword, but still lived. 15 The second beast was empowered to give life to the image of the first beast so that it could speak, and could cause all those who did not worship the image of the beast to be killed.⁠ 16 He also caused everyone (small and great, rich and poor, free and slave) to obtain a mark on their right hand or on their forehead.⁠ 17 Thus no one was allowed to buy or sell things unless he bore the mark of the beast—that is, his name or his number.⁠ 18 This calls for wisdom: Let the one who has insight calculate the beast’s number, for it is man’s number, and his number is 666.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 9:6 and Revelation 13:10

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Genesis says that whoever sheds blood will have their own blood shed, basing this on the idea that people are made in God’s image. Revelation echoes this when it says that those who kill by the sword will be killed by the sword.

Passages

Genesis 9:6

Hebrew Bible
4 “But you must not eat meat with its life (that is, its blood) in it. 5 For your lifeblood I will surely exact punishment, from every living creature I will exact punishment. From each person I will exact punishment for the life of the individual since the man was his relative. 6 “Whoever sheds human blood, by other humans must his blood be shed; for in God’s image God has made humankind. 7 “But as for you, be fruitful and multiply; increase abundantly on the earth and multiply on it.” 8 God said to Noah and his sons,
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Revelation 13:10

New Testament
8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed. 9 If anyone has an ear, he had better listen! 10 If anyone is meant for captivity, into captivity he will go. If anyone is to be killed by the sword, then by the sword he must be killed. This requires steadfast endurance and faith from the saints. 11 Then I saw another beast coming up from the earth. He had two horns like a lamb, but was speaking like a dragon. 12 He exercised all the ruling authority of the first beast on his behalf, and made the earth and those who inhabit it worship the first beast, the one whose lethal wound had been healed.
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... [the Hebrew Bible] is the literature of a whole nation, not of a small sect, and therefore naturally covers more areas of ethical concern, whereas the New Testament tends to concentrate on matters of personal morality and of relationships within the Christian community. One obvious difference is that the Hebrew Bible has a lot of material on the taking of human life, since it has to legislate for a nation that had some kind of judicial system. There is nothing like this in the New Testament: early Christians did not have the power to try legal cases or to inflict penalties on offenders. The Hebrew Bible has an attitude to the taking of human life that is unusual in the ancient world. All murder (i.e. deliberate homicide) is a capital offence. This differs from the norms in some of the surrounding cultures, as can be seen from the Code of Hammurabi. Here the penalty for murder depends on the relative social status of the victim and the murderer: killing a slave is not treated as seriously as killing a nobleman. It follows that not all murderers are executed. But one could argue that the Hebrew Bible’s requirement that execution, not a fine, is the only acceptable penalty for murder, regardless of the status of the people involved, represents a higher valuation of human life. This may be connected with the idea that humans are made ‘in the image and likeness of God’ (Genesis 1:26–27), and this principle is explicitly stated in the clearest reference to the death penalty for murder, Genesis 9:6 ..."
John Barton, The Bible: The Basics (Abingdon: Routledge, 2010), 98–99.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 9:6 and Revelation 13:10

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