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Revelation

About this book
Chapter 11

1 Then a measuring rod like a staff was given to me, and I was told, “Get up and measure the temple of God, and the altar, and the ones who worship there. 2 But do not measure the outer courtyard of the temple; leave it out because it has been given to the Gentiles, and they will trample on the holy city for forty-two months.⁠ 3 And I will grant my two witnesses authority to prophesy⁠ for 1,260 days, dressed in sackcloth.” 4 (These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth.)⁠ 5 If anyone wants to harm them, fire comes out of their mouths and completely consumes their enemies. If anyone wants to harm them, they must be killed this way. 6 These two have the power to close up the sky so that it does not rain during the time they are prophesying. They have power to turn the waters to blood and to strike the earth with every kind of plague whenever they want. 7 When they have completed their testimony, the beast that comes up from the abyss will make war on them and conquer them and kill them. 8 Their corpses will lie in the street of the great city that is symbolically called Sodom and Egypt, where their Lord was also crucified. 9 For three and a half days those from every people, tribe, nation, and language will look at their corpses because they will not permit them to be placed in a tomb. 10 And those who live on the earth will rejoice over them and celebrate, even sending gifts to each other because these two prophets had tormented those who live on the earth. 11 But after three and a half days a breath of life from God entered them, and they stood on their feet, and tremendous fear seized those who were watching them. 12 Then they heard a loud voice from heaven saying to them: “Come up here!” So the two prophets went up to heaven in a cloud while their enemies stared at them. 13 Just then a major earthquake took place and a tenth of the city collapsed; seven thousand people were killed in the earthquake, and the rest were terrified and gave glory to the God of heaven. 14 The second woe has come and gone; the third is coming quickly. 15 Then the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven saying: “The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he will reign for ever and ever.”⁠ 16 Then the twenty-four elders who are seated on their thrones before God threw themselves down with their faces to the ground and worshiped God 17 with these words: “We give you thanks, Lord God, the All-Powerful, the one who is and who was, because you have taken your great power and begun to reign. 18 The nations were enraged, but your wrath has come, and the time has come for the dead to be judged, and the time has come to give to your servants, the prophets, their reward, as well as to the saints and to those who revere your name, both small and great, and the time has come to destroy those who destroy the earth.” 19 Then the temple of God in heaven was opened,⁠ and the ark of his covenant was visible within his temple.⁠ And there were flashes of lightning, roaring, crashes of thunder, an earthquake, and a great hailstorm.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalms of Solomon 17:22 and Revelation 11:1

Pseudepigrapha, Wisdom and Poetry · New Testament

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Summary

Revelation 11 follows a tradition found in the Psalms of Solomon, where a future Davidic ruler is called to purge Jerusalem of Gentiles who trample it and to restore righteousness.

Passages

Psalms of Solomon 17:22

Pseudepigrapha, Wisdom and Poetry
21 Look, Lord, and raise up for them their king, the son of David, at the time You see fit, God, so that he may reign over Your servant Israel. 22 And strengthen him so that he may shatter unrighteous rulers, and so that he may cleanse Jerusalem of nations that trample (her) down to destruction. 23 Wisely, righteously he shall drive out sinners from (the) inheritance; He shall destroy the pride of the sinner as a potter's jar.
65–30 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Psalms of Solomon

Revelation 11:1

New Testament
1 Then a measuring rod like a staff was given to me, and I was told, “Get up and measure the temple of God, and the altar, and the ones who worship there. 2 But do not measure the outer courtyard of the temple; leave it out because it has been given to the Gentiles, and they will trample on the holy city for forty-two months. 3 And I will grant my two witnesses authority to prophesy for 1,260 days, dressed in sackcloth.”
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... Note the application of Psalm 2 to the Davidic Messiah in Psalms of Solomon 17:21-25. This particular passage includes a reference to the purging of the Temple and Jerusalem, a theme found in Revelation 11:1-3. In fact, the language of Psalms of Solomon 17 and Revelation 11 is strikingly similar. In Psalms of Solomon 17:22, the psalmist implores God to purge the city and to remove the 'gentiles who trample her (Jerusalem) to destruction,' while Revelation 11:2 describes a section of the Temple that 'is given over to the nations (translated 'Gentiles'), and they will trample over the holy city ... ' At the very least, both the authors expected a kingly Messiah who would usher in the last age and ultimately overthrow the enemies of God's people ..."
Leo R. Percer, “The War in Heaven: Michael and Messiah in Revelation 12” (PhD diss., Baylor University, 1999), 57–58.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalms of Solomon 17:22 and Revelation 11:1

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