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Psalms

About this book
Psalm 89

1 A well-written song by Ethan the Ezrahite. I will sing continually about the Lord’s faithful deeds; to future generations I will proclaim your faithfulness. 2 For I say, “Loyal love is permanently established; in the skies you set up your faithfulness.” 3 The Lord said, “I have made a covenant with my chosen one; I have made a promise on oath to David, my servant: 4 ‘I will give you an eternal dynasty and establish your throne throughout future generations.’” (Selah) 5 O Lord, the heavens praise your amazing deeds, as well as your faithfulness in the angelic assembly.⁠ 6 For who in the skies can compare to the Lord? Who is like the Lord among the heavenly beings, 7 a God who is honored in the great angelic assembly, and more awesome than all who surround him?⁠ 8 O Lord God of Heaven’s Armies! Who is strong like you, O Lord? Your faithfulness surrounds you. 9 You rule over the proud sea. When its waves surge, you calm them.⁠ 10 You crushed the Proud One and killed it; with your strong arm you scattered your enemies. 11 The heavens belong to you, as does the earth. You made the world and all it contains. 12 You created the north and the south. Tabor and Hermon rejoice in your name. 13 Your arm is powerful, your hand strong, your right hand victorious. 14 Equity and justice are the foundation of your throne. Loyal love and faithfulness characterize your rule. 15 How blessed are the people who worship you! O Lord, they experience your favor. 16 They rejoice in your name all day long, and are vindicated by your justice. 17 For you give them splendor and strength. By your favor we are victorious.⁠ 18 For our shield belongs to the Lord, our king to the Holy One of Israel. 19 Then you spoke through a vision to your faithful followers and said: “I have placed a young hero over a warrior; I have raised up a young man from the people. 20 I have discovered David, my servant. With my holy oil I have anointed him as king. 21 My hand will support him, and my arm will strengthen him. 22 No enemy will be able to exact tribute from him; a violent oppressor will not be able to humiliate him. 23 I will crush his enemies before him; I will strike down those who hate him. 24 He will experience my faithfulness and loyal love, and by my name he will win victories. 25 I will place his hand over the sea, his right hand over the rivers.⁠ 26 He will call out to me, ‘You are my father, my God, and the protector who delivers me.’⁠ 27 I will appoint him to be my firstborn son, the most exalted of the earth’s kings.⁠ 28 I will always extend my loyal love to him, and my covenant with him is secure. 29 I will give him an eternal dynasty and make his throne as enduring as the skies above. 30 If his sons reject my law and disobey my regulations, 31 if they break my rules and do not keep my commandments,⁠ 32 I will punish their rebellion by beating them with a club, their sin by inflicting them with bruises. 33 But I will not remove my loyal love from him nor be unfaithful to my promise.⁠ 34 I will not break my covenant or go back on what I promised. 35 Once and for all I have vowed by my own holiness, I will never deceive David. 36 His dynasty will last forever. His throne will endure before me, like the sun;⁠ 37 it will remain stable, like the moon. His throne will endure like the skies.”⁠ (Selah) 38 But you have spurned and rejected him; you are angry with your chosen king. 39 You have repudiated your covenant with your servant; you have thrown his crown to the ground. 40 You have broken down all his walls; you have made his strongholds a heap of ruins. 41 All who pass by have robbed him; he has become an object of disdain to his neighbors. 42 You have allowed his adversaries to be victorious and all his enemies to rejoice. 43 You turn back his sword from the adversary and have not sustained him in battle. 44 You have brought to an end his splendor and have knocked his throne to the ground. 45 You have cut short his youth and have covered him with shame. (Selah) 46 How long, O Lord, will this last? Will you remain hidden forever? Will your anger continue to burn like fire? 47 Take note of my brief lifespan. Why do you make all people so mortal? 48 No man can live on without experiencing death or deliver his life from the power of Sheol. (Selah) 49 Where are your earlier faithful deeds, O Lord, the ones performed in accordance with your reliable oath to David? 50 Take note, O Lord, of the way your servants are taunted and of how I must bear so many insults from people. 51 Your enemies, O Lord, hurl insults; they insult your chosen king as they dog his footsteps. 52 The Lord deserves praise forevermore! We agree! We agree!⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 89:37 and John 12:34

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

In John 12, the crowd questions Jesus about dying, how it conflicts with Psalm 89 and its promise that David’s family would rule forever. John shows the tension between hope for an unending royal line and belief in a messiah whose rule begins with death.

Passages

Psalm 89:37

Hebrew Bible
35 Once and for all I have vowed by my own holiness, I will never deceive David. 36 His dynasty will last forever. His throne will endure before me, like the sun; 37 it will remain stable, like the moon. His throne will endure like the skies.” (Selah) 38 But you have spurned and rejected him; you are angry with your chosen king. 39 You have repudiated your covenant with your servant; you have thrown his crown to the ground.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

John 12:34

New Testament
32 And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.” 33 (Now he said this to indicate clearly what kind of death he was going to die.) 34 Then the crowd responded, “We have heard from the law that the Christ will remain forever. How can you say, ‘The Son of Man must be lifted up’? Who is this Son of Man?” 35 Jesus replied, “The light is with you for a little while longer. Walk while you have the light, so that the darkness may not overtake you. The one who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going. 36 While you have the light, believe in the light, so that you may become sons of light.” When Jesus had said these things, he went away and hid himself from them.
90–110 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in John

References

"... The crowd voices a difficulty which the representatives of Jesus were to face from Good Friday onward. The “Law” (= the Old Testament, supremely represented by the Law) says that the Messiah remains “for ever.” The scripture passage is likely to be Psalm 89:37, “His seed shall remain for ever, his throne as long as the sun before me” . For most Jews the perpetuity of the kingdom of God included the continuance of the Messiah (contrary to the later view represented in 4 Ezra 7:28–29, that the messianic kingdom will be temporary and will end with the death of the Messiah and all flesh with him). The crowd therefore asks, “How can the Son of Man-Messiah be ‘lifted up,’ and so removed from the earthly scene by death?” Their further query, “Who is this Son of Man?” means, “What sort of a Son of Man is this, of whom such an unheard of fate is spoken?” ..."
George R. Beasley-Murray, Word Biblical Commentary: John (Word, 1987), 215.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 89:37 and John 12:34

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