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Psalms

About this book
Psalm 88

1 A song, a psalm written by the Korahites, for the music director, according to the machalath-leannoth style; a well-written song by Heman the Ezrahite. O Lord God who delivers me, by day I cry out and at night I pray before you. 2 Listen to my prayer. Pay attention to my cry for help. 3 For my life is filled with troubles, and I am ready to enter Sheol. 4 They treat me like those who descend into the grave. I am like a helpless man, 5 adrift among the dead, like corpses lying in the grave whom you remember no more and who are cut off from your power. 6 You place me in the lowest regions of the Pit, in the dark places, in the watery depths. 7 Your anger bears down on me, and you overwhelm me with all your waves. (Selah) 8 You cause those who know me to keep their distance; you make me an appalling sight to them.⁠ I am trapped and cannot get free. 9 My eyes grow weak because of oppression. I call out to you, O Lord, all day long; I spread out my hands in prayer to you. 10 Do you accomplish amazing things for the dead? Do the departed spirits rise up and give you thanks? (Selah) 11 Is your loyal love proclaimed in the grave, or your faithfulness in the place of the dead?⁠ 12 Are your amazing deeds experienced in the dark region, or your deliverance in the land of oblivion?⁠ 13 As for me, I cry out to you, O Lord; in the morning my prayer confronts you. 14 O Lord, why do you reject me, and hide your face from me?23⁠ 15 I am oppressed and have been on the verge of death since my youth. I have been subjected to your horrors and am numb with pain. 16 Your anger overwhelms me; your terrors destroy me. 17 They surround me like water all day long; they join forces and encircle me. 18 You cause my friends and neighbors to keep their distance; those who know me leave me alone in the darkness.

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 88:8 and Job 19:13

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Summary

Psalm 88 and Job 19 both depict a sufferer abandoned by companions, with the psalmist blaming God for driving friends away and Job lamenting that relatives and acquaintances now avoid him. In each case, social isolation intensifies personal anguish.

Passages

Psalm 88:8

Hebrew Bible
6 You place me in the lowest regions of the Pit, in the dark places, in the watery depths. 7 Your anger bears down on me, and you overwhelm me with all your waves. (Selah) 8 You cause those who know me to keep their distance; you make me an appalling sight to them. I am trapped and cannot get free. 9 My eyes grow weak because of oppression. I call out to you, O Lord, all day long; I spread out my hands in prayer to you. 10 Do you accomplish amazing things for the dead? Do the departed spirits rise up and give you thanks? (Selah)
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

Job 19:13

Hebrew Bible
11 Thus his anger burns against me, and he considers me among his enemies. 12 His troops advance together; they throw up a siege ramp against me, and they camp around my tent. 13 “He has put my relatives far from me; my acquaintances only turn away from me. 14 My kinsmen have failed me; my friends have forgotten me. 15 My guests and my servant girls consider me a stranger; I am a foreigner in their eyes.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

References

"... Not all individual laments of the Psalter have complaints against God; indeed, only about a third do. That fact might lead one to question how important complaint against God is for understanding the individual lament within the Psalter. In view of their daring character, however, it is amazing that so many laments accuse God. The frequency suggests that the entire Yahwistic community was aware of the possibility and legitimacy of approaching God in this manner. If the stakes were high enough, the people had little reticence. Accusation Against Enemies Alongside the accusation leveled against God are complaints and denunciation of enemies. Psalm 13:2, for example, reads: 'How long shall my enemy be exalted over me?' In Psalm 22, others are 'mocking' the supplicant (verse 7), 'encompassing' him (verse 12), even attacking him (verses 16-17) and dividing his clothes (verse 18). Psalm 35 describes the enemies as betrayers: For without cause they hid their net for me; Without cause they dug a [pit] for my life. (verse 7) The supplicant claims to have befriended those who are now his accusers (verses 12-14); they have returned evil for good, and take pleasure in his fall (verses 11, 15-16). The rhetorical strategy of the complaint against enemies is to enlist God's support against members of the supplicant's community who have harmed him or who rejoice over his fall. Sometimes they are family members and friends who seem to be waiting for the supplicant to die. Occasionally the enemies are 'blamed' on God, e.g., 'You have caused lover and friend to shun me' (Psalm 88:8; Compare Job 19:13-22). In this case, the complaint about enemies is subordinated to the accusation against God. In most cases, though, the supplicant is seeking to arouse pity in God for his or her plight, to recruit God to his side in a conflict, to find someone with whom to share her feelings in a situation of isolation and loneliness ..."
Dale Patrick and Kenneth Diable, “Persuading the One and Only God to Intervene,” in My Words Are Lovely: Studies in the Rhetoric of the Psalms, ed. Robert L. Foster and Jr. David M. Howard, LHBOTS 467 (New York: T & T Clark International, 2008), 19–32.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 88:8 and Job 19:13

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