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Psalms

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Psalm 74

1 A well-written song by Asaph. Why, O God, have you permanently rejected us? Why does your anger burn against the sheep of your pasture? 2 Remember your people whom you acquired in ancient times, whom you rescued so they could be your very own nation, as well as Mount Zion, where you dwell. 3 Hurry to the permanent ruins, and to all the damage the enemy has done to the temple. 4 Your enemies roar in the middle of your sanctuary; they set up their battle flags. 5 They invade like lumberjacks swinging their axes in a thick forest. 6 And now they are tearing down all its engravings with axes and crowbars. 7 They set your sanctuary on fire; they desecrate your dwelling place by knocking it to the ground.⁠ 8 They say to themselves, “We will oppress all of them.” They burn down all the places in the land where people worship God. 9 We do not see any signs of God’s presence; there are no longer any prophets, and we have no one to tell us how long this will last. 10 How long, O God, will the adversary hurl insults? Will the enemy blaspheme your name forever? 11 Why do you remain inactive? Intervene and destroy him. 12 But God has been my king from ancient times, performing acts of deliverance on the earth.⁠ 13 You destroyed the sea by your strength; you shattered the heads of the sea monster⁠ in the water.⁠ 14 You crushed the heads of Leviathan;⁠ you fed him to the people who live along the coast.⁠ 15 You broke open the spring and the stream; you dried up perpetually flowing rivers. 16 You established the cycle of day and night;⁠ you put the moon and sun in place.⁠ 17 You set up all the boundaries of the earth; you created the cycle of summer and winter.⁠ 18 Remember how the enemy hurls insults, O Lord, and how a foolish nation blasphemes your name. 19 Do not hand the life of your dove over to a wild animal. Do not continue to disregard the lives of your oppressed people. 20 Remember your covenant promises, for the dark regions of the earth are full of places where violence rules. 21 Do not let the afflicted be turned back in shame. Let the oppressed and poor praise your name. 22 Rise up, O God. Defend your honor. Remember how fools insult you all day long.⁠ 23 Do not disregard what your enemies say or the unceasing shouts of those who defy you.

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 74:22 and Psalm 79:9

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Psalm 74 and Psalm 79 describe God following the same rules about honor that people do. Foreign attacks are a public insult to God’s reputation, and God’s honor is at stake. The repair of his reputation becomes the motivation for redemption.

Passages

Psalm 74:22

Hebrew Bible
20 Remember your covenant promises, for the dark regions of the earth are full of places where violence rules. 21 Do not let the afflicted be turned back in shame. Let the oppressed and poor praise your name. 22 Rise up, O God. Defend your honor. Remember how fools insult you all day long. 23 Do not disregard what your enemies say or the unceasing shouts of those who defy you.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

Psalm 79:9

Hebrew Bible
8 Do not hold us accountable for the sins of earlier generations. Quickly send your compassion our way, for we are in serious trouble. 9 Help us, O God, our deliverer! For the sake of your glorious reputation, rescue us. Forgive our sins for the sake of your reputation. 10 Why should the nations say, “Where is their God?” Before our very eyes may the shed blood of your servants be avenged among the nations.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

"... The argumenta ad deum in Psalm 79 are very similar to those of Psalm 74. The psalm starts by mentioning the harm caused to God, not the suffering of the people of Jerusalem ... the suffering of the people is heavy (Psalm 79:2–3, 11). However, as the supplicants need argumenta ad deum, they describe the raids as directed against God. Not only Psalm 74, but also Psalm 79:9 shows that God’s reputation is at stake ‘because of the glory of your name’ and ‘for the sake of your name’. The fact that the other nations say ‘Where is their God?’ (Psalm 79:10) must also be a reason for God to intervene ..."
Paul Sanders, “Argumenta ad Deum in the Plague Prayers of Mursili II and in the Book of Psalms,” in Psalms and Prayers: Papers Read at the Joint Meeting of the Society of Old Testament Study, ed. Bob Becking and Eric Peels (Leiden: Brill, 2007), 181–217.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 74:22 and Psalm 79:9

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