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Psalms

About this book
Psalm 50

1 A psalm by Asaph. El, God, the Lord has spoken, and summoned the earth to come from the east and west.⁠ 2 From Zion, the most beautiful of all places, God has come in splendor. 3 “May our God come and not be silent.” Consuming fire goes ahead of him, and all around him a storm rages.⁠ 4 He summons the heavens above, as well as the earth, so that he might judge his people. 5 He says: “Assemble my covenant people before me, those who ratified a covenant with me by sacrifice.” 6 The heavens declare his fairness, for God is judge. (Selah) 7 He says: “Listen, my people. I am speaking! Listen, Israel. I am accusing you. I am God, your God! 8 I am not condemning you because of your sacrifices, or because of your burnt sacrifices that you continually offer me. 9 I do not need to take a bull from your household or goats from your sheepfolds. 10 For every wild animal in the forest belongs to me, as well as the cattle that graze on a thousand hills.⁠ 11 I keep track of every bird in the hills, and the insects of the field are mine. 12 Even if I were hungry, I would not tell you, for the world and all it contains belong to me. 13 Do I eat the flesh of bulls? Do I drink the blood of goats? 14 Present to God a thank offering. Repay your vows to the Most High.⁠ 15 Pray to me when you are in trouble. I will deliver you, and you will honor me.” 16 God says this to the evildoer: “How can you declare my commands, and talk about my covenant? 17 For you hate instruction and reject my words. 18 When you see a thief, you join him; you associate with men who are unfaithful to their wives. 19 You do damage with words, and use your tongue to deceive. 20 You plot against your brother; you slander your own brother. 21 When you did these things, I was silent, so you thought I was exactly like you. But now I will condemn you and state my case against you. 22 Carefully consider this, you who reject God. Otherwise I will rip you to shreds and no one will be able to rescue you. 23 Whoever presents a thank offering honors me. To whoever obeys my commands, I will reveal my power to deliver.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 50:14 and Jonah 2:9

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Jonah’s vow to offer sacrifice and praise after his rescue echoes Psalm 50, which presents sacrifice not as ritual but as an expression of thanksgiving and fulfillment of vows. Jonah’s prayer incorporates established liturgy into its narrative.

Passages

Psalm 50:14

Hebrew Bible
12 Even if I were hungry, I would not tell you, for the world and all it contains belong to me. 13 Do I eat the flesh of bulls? Do I drink the blood of goats? 14 Present to God a thank offering. Repay your vows to the Most High. 15 Pray to me when you are in trouble. I will deliver you, and you will honor me.” 16 God says this to the evildoer: “How can you declare my commands, and talk about my covenant?
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

Jonah 2:9

Hebrew Bible
7 When my life was ebbing away, I called out to the Lord. And my prayer came to you, to your holy temple. 8 Those who worship worthless idols forfeit the mercy that could be theirs. 9 But as for me, I promise to offer a sacrifice to you with a public declaration of praise; I will surely do what I have promised. Salvation belongs to the Lord!” 10 Then the Lord commanded the fish and it vomited Jonah out onto dry land.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonah

References

"... there is yet another point to be made. We recall that when Jonah confesses his error to the horrified sailors, he tells them that 'the Lord, god of Heaven, is whom I worship' (verse 9). In annotating that statement above, I pointed out that locating 'et-YHWH at the head of the clause gives God's name special attention. Despite this rhetorical flourish, the sailors did not seem totally convinced then by Jonah's words. Now, however, an eerily instantaneous calm follows Jonah's seaward plunge. By shaping the clause this time to end in 'et-YHWH, the narrator is finally granting the sailors their own recognition of God's greatness. The sailors now understand everything about God and divine power. They demonstrate this recognition by two activities, a sacrifice and a vow. The first of these measures troubled ancient exegetes, who were aware that, except in a couple of instances in which it is read metaphorically or ironically, the G of the verb zabah always refers to the slaughter of animals. Where did the sailors get the victims, especially after they had denuded the ship to keep it afloat? Moreover, could sailors so recently 'converted' to the true God risk losing it all by offering sacrifices outside of the Jerusalem Temple? Jerome resolves such difficulties with the comment (comparing Psalm 50:14 with Hosea 14:3) ..."
Jack M. Sasson, Jonah: A New Translation with Introduction, Commentary, and Interpretation (New York: Doubleday, 1990), 138.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 50:14 and Jonah 2:9

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