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Psalms

About this book
Psalm 39

1 For the music director, Jeduthun; a psalm of David. I decided, “I will watch what I say and make sure I do not sin with my tongue. I will put a muzzle over my mouth while in the presence of an evil person.” 2 I was stone silent; I held back the urge to speak. My frustration grew; 3 my anxiety intensified. As I thought about it, I became impatient. Finally I spoke these words: 4 “O Lord, help me understand my mortality and the brevity of life. Let me realize how quickly my life will pass. 5 Look, you make my days short lived, and my life span is nothing from your perspective.⁠ Surely all people, even those who seem secure, are nothing but vapor. (Selah) 6 Surely people go through life as mere ghosts. Surely they accumulate worthless wealth without knowing who will eventually haul it away.” 7 But now, O Lord, upon what am I relying? You are my only hope! 8 Deliver me from all my sins of rebellion. Do not make me the object of fools’ insults. 9 I am silent and cannot open my mouth because of what you have done. 10 Please stop wounding me. You have almost beaten me to death. 11 You severely discipline people for their sins; like a moth you slowly devour their strength. Surely all people are a mere vapor. (Selah) 12 Hear my prayer, O Lord. Listen to my cry for help. Do not ignore my sobbing. For I am a resident foreigner with you, a temporary settler,⁠ just as all my ancestors were.⁠ 13 Turn your angry gaze away from me, so I can be happy before I pass away.

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Compare Genesis 23:4 and Psalm 39:12

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Summary

Abraham calls himself a foreign resident and temporary settler among the Hittites while searching for a burial site for Sarah. Psalm 39 echoes this language as the speaker calls himself a resident foreigner with God, like all his ancestors.

Passages

Genesis 23:4

Hebrew Bible
2 Then she died in Kiriath Arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan. Abraham went to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her. 3 Then Abraham got up from mourning his dead wife and said to the sons of Heth, 4 “I am a foreign resident, a temporary settler, among you. Grant me ownership of a burial site among you so that I may bury my dead.” 5 The sons of Heth answered Abraham,
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Psalm 39:12

Hebrew Bible
11 You severely discipline people for their sins; like a moth you slowly devour their strength. Surely all people are a mere vapor. (Selah) 12 Hear my prayer, O Lord. Listen to my cry for help. Do not ignore my sobbing. For I am a resident foreigner with you, a temporary settler, just as all my ancestors were. 13 Turn your angry gaze away from me, so I can be happy before I pass away.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

... parepidēmos is derived from dēmos (people) and is found only twice in the Septuagint (Genesis 23:4; Psalm 38[39]:12). It means someone who lives for a short while in a foreign place as a stranger or alien. It occurs in the New Testament 3 times. In 1 Peter 1:1 and 2:11 believers are called parepidēmoi ("exiles", RSV). The word stands in parallel to paroikoi ("aliens", RSV), pointing back to Genesis 23:4 and Psalm 39:13. Because their true home is in heaven (compare Philippians 3:20), God's election has drawn them out of all their natural ties and relations. They now live on earth as exiles. This call and vocation gives rise to the warning to abstain from the lusts of the flesh (1 Peter 2:11). They are to live according to the decrees and laws of their true homeland. Hebrews 11:13 depicts Abraham and the patriarchs as patterns for the Christian. Abraham looked towards the future city (11:10). Hence he and the fathers lived as strangers and exiles on the earth. ...
Hans Bietenhard, “Foreign,” in The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, Volume 1, ed. Colin Brown (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1975), 690.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 23:4 and Psalm 39:12

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