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Psalms

About this book
Psalm 31

1 For the music director, a psalm of David. In you, O Lord, I have taken shelter. Never let me be humiliated. Vindicate me by rescuing me. 2 Listen to me. Quickly deliver me. Be my protector and refuge, a stronghold where I can be safe. 3 For you are my high ridge and my stronghold; for the sake of your own reputation you lead me and guide me. 4 You will free me from the net they hid for me, for you are my place of refuge. 5 Into your hand I entrust my life; you will rescue me, O Lord, the faithful God. 6 I hate those who serve worthless idols, but I trust in the Lord.⁠ 7 I will be happy and rejoice in your faithfulness, because you notice my pain and you are aware of how distressed I am. 8 You do not deliver me over to the power of the enemy; you enable me to stand in a wide open place. 9 Have mercy on me, Lord, for I am in distress! My eyes grow dim from suffering. I have lost my strength. 10 For my life nears its end in pain; my years draw to a close as I groan. My strength fails me because of my sin, and my bones become brittle. 11 Because of all my enemies, people disdain me; my neighbors are appalled by my suffering—those who know me are horrified by my condition; those who see me in the street run away from me. 12 I am forgotten, like a dead man no one thinks about; I am regarded as worthless, like a broken jar. 13 For I hear what so many are saying, the terrifying news that comes from every direction. When they plot together against me, they figure out how they can take my life. 14 But I trust in you, O Lord! I declare, “You are my God!” 15 You determine my destiny. Rescue me from the power of my enemies and those who chase me. 16 Smile on your servant. Deliver me because of your faithfulness. 17 O Lord, do not let me be humiliated, for I call out to you. May evil men be humiliated. May they go wailing to the grave. 18 May lying lips be silenced—lips that speak defiantly against the innocent with arrogance and contempt. 19 How great is your favor, which you store up for your loyal followers. In plain sight of everyone you bestow it on those who take shelter in you. 20 You hide them with you, where they are safe from the attacks of men; you conceal them in a shelter, where they are safe from slanderous attacks. 21 The Lord deserves praise for he demonstrated his amazing faithfulness to me when I was besieged by enemies. 22 I jumped to conclusions and said, “I am cut off from your presence!” But you heard my plea for mercy when I cried out to you for help. 23 Love the Lord, all you faithful followers of his! The Lord protects those who have integrity, but he pays back in full the one who acts arrogantly. 24 Be strong and confident, all you who hope in the Lord.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 31:24 and Psalm 119:43

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Psalm 119 echoes Psalm 31, which expresses hope in God, but now that same piety is directed to the commandments. Language once reserved for God is being transferred to the Torah in a developing devotional tradition.

Passages

Psalm 31:24

Hebrew Bible
22 I jumped to conclusions and said, “I am cut off from your presence!” But you heard my plea for mercy when I cried out to you for help. 23 Love the Lord, all you faithful followers of his! The Lord protects those who have integrity, but he pays back in full the one who acts arrogantly. 24 Be strong and confident, all you who hope in the Lord.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

Psalm 119:43

Hebrew Bible
41 ו (Vav) May I experience your loyal love, O Lord, and your deliverance, as you promised. 42 Then I will have a reply for the one who insults me, for I trust in your word. 43 Do not completely deprive me of a truthful testimony, for I have put my hope in your rules. 44 Then I will keep your law continually now and for all time. 45 I will be secure, for I seek your precepts.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

"... The proliferation of form with respect to the Torah in the Second Temple period reflects the increasing role of Torah in mediating the divine presence to the people. In the Torah, God’s people not only find divine instruction, but also divine presence. This increasing importance affects a shift towards veneration of the Torah that can already be seen in the biblical texts themselves. In Nehemiah 8 we find a most interesting scene. Nehemiah describes a gathering of all the people before Ezra the scribe so that he may read the Torah in their presence (verses 1-2). When Ezra opens the scroll, significantly, all the people stand (verse 5). Ezra then blesses God and the people respond by saying “amen” while lifting their hands before bowing and worshipping God with the faces pressed to the ground (verse 6). Yehezkel Kaufmann describes the scene as follows; The Law is read daily during the festival (Tabernacles); it is as though the light of the Shekinah breaks forth with the reading. Herewith, a significant cultic development: the Torah as the embodiment of the word of God, of His spirit, the symbol of sanctity and the sublime, the source of all that is holy on earth, the book of the Torah as a cultic object. What is important here is not a straightforward identification of Torah with God, no such identification exists, but there is a functional overlap in the orientation/stance of the people towards Torah and towards God. The most dramatic example of this overlap can be found in Psalm 119 where the psalmist repeatedly uses expressions that are ordinarily reserved for God to express a devotion to Torah. Consider the following ... (Psalm 119:19 with Psalm 27:9; Psalm 119:30 with Psalm 16:8; Psalm 119:31 with Psalm 63:8-9 and Deuteronomy 10:20; Psalm 119:48 with Psalm 63:5 and Lamentations 2:19) ..."
Roy Allan Fisher, “Locating Matthew in Israel” (PhD diss., University of California, Berkeley, 2018), 162–163.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 31:24 and Psalm 119:43

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