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Psalms

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Psalm 27

1 By David. The Lord is my light and my salvation. I fear no one. The Lord protects my life. I am afraid of no one. 2 When evil men attack me to devour my flesh, when my adversaries and enemies attack me, they stumble and fall. 3 Even when an army is deployed against me, I do not fear. Even when war is imminent, I remain confident. 4 I have asked the Lord for one thing—this is what I desire! I want to live in the Lord’s house all the days of my life, so I can gaze at the splendor of the Lord and contemplate in his temple.⁠ 5 He will surely give me shelter in the day of danger; he will hide me in his home. He will place me on an inaccessible rocky summit. 6 Now I will triumph over my enemies who surround me. I will offer sacrifices in his dwelling place and shout for joy. I will sing praises to the Lord.⁠ 7 Hear me, O Lord, when I cry out. Have mercy on me and answer me. 8 My heart tells me to pray to you, and I do pray to you, O Lord. 9 Do not hide your face from me26.⁠ Do not push your servant away in anger. You are my deliverer. Do not forsake or abandon me, O God who vindicates me. 10 Even if my father and mother abandoned me, the Lord would take me in. 11 Teach me how you want me to live, Lord; lead me along a level path because of those who wait to ambush me. 12 Do not turn me over to my enemies, for false witnesses who want to destroy me testify against me.⁠ 13 Where would I be if I did not believe I would experience the Lord’s favor in the land of the living? 14 Rely on the Lord! Be strong and confident! Rely on the Lord!

Texts in conversation

Compare KTU 1.3 III:31 and Psalm 27:4

Ancient Near East, Ugaritic · Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Psalm 27 shares the Baal Cycle's language for Baal's pleasant mountain home, making enjoyment of God's presence part of the reason to seek his temple.

Passages

KTU 1.3 III:31

Ancient Near East, Ugaritic · Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
“I understand the lightning beyond the heavens’ ken, the thoughts beyond human knowledge, that which the throngs below cannot understand. Come, and I will show it: deep inside my mountain, holy Sapan, in the sacred space on my native peak, in the paradise upon the hill of victory.” Watch! Anat sees the gods. Below, her feet start shaking. All around, her limbs are shivering. Up above, her face sweats. Shudders wrack the bones of every limb; the bones within her spine turn weak. She spoke up and cried out, “Why have Gupan and Ugar come here? What enemy rises up against Baal? What rival faces the Cloud-Rider? Didn’t I crush El’s beloved, Yamm (Ocean)? Didn’t I annihilate Nahar (River), the great god? Didn’t I leash Dragon and bind him in a saddle? I crushed the Sinuous Serpent, Encircler, the seven-headed monster.
1350–1185 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in KTU

Psalm 27:4

Hebrew Bible
2 When evil men attack me to devour my flesh, when my adversaries and enemies attack me, they stumble and fall. 3 Even when an army is deployed against me, I do not fear. Even when war is imminent, I remain confident. 4 I have asked the Lord for one thing—this is what I desire! I want to live in the Lord’s house all the days of my life, so I can gaze at the splendor of the Lord and contemplate in his temple. 5 He will surely give me shelter in the day of danger; he will hide me in his home. He will place me on an inaccessible rocky summit. 6 Now I will triumph over my enemies who surround me. I will offer sacrifices in his dwelling place and shout for joy. I will sing praises to the Lord.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

“... Saphon and Zion share a number of epithets. For example, KTU 1.3 III 13-31 (cf. IV 7-20), cited in full in the previous section, applies qdš, “holy place,” n‛m, “pleasant place,” and nḥlt, “inheritance,” to Baal’s mountain. Similarly, Psalms 46:5 and 48:2 describe Zion as *qōdeš (cf. Exod. 15:13; Pss. 87:1; 93:5; KAI 17:1, 78:5 [?]), while Psalm 27:4 calls Yahweh’s mountain nõ‛am (cf. Ps. 16:6).378 As Greenfield has observed, nō‛am in Psalm 27:4 is followed in the next verse by wordplay or paronomasia on the root *ṣpn. Yahweh’s mountain is called a naḥălāh, “portion” (Ps. 79:1; Jer. 12:7; cf. Exod. 15:17; Ps. 16:6). The epithets for Zion and the way they are listed together in Psalm 48:2-3 likewise recall the titles for Sapan in KTU 1.3 III 29-31.380 ...”
Mark S. Smith, The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel, 2nd ed., The Biblical Resource Series (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002), PDF 105.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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KTU 1.3 III:31 and Psalm 27:4

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