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Psalms

About this book
Psalm 22

1 For the music director, according to the tune “Morning Doe”; a psalm of David. My God, my God, why have you abandoned me?⁠ I groan in prayer, but help seems far away.⁠ 2 My God, I cry out during the day, but you do not answer, and during the night my prayers do not let up.⁠ 3 You are holy; you sit as king receiving the praises of Israel. 4 In you our ancestors trusted; they trusted in you and you rescued them. 5 To you they cried out, and they were saved; in you they trusted and they were not disappointed. 6 But I am a worm, not a man; people insult me and despise me. 7 All who see me taunt me; they mock me and shake their heads.⁠ 8 They say, “Commit yourself to the Lord! Let the Lord rescue him! Let the Lord deliver him, for he delights in him.” 9 Yes, you are the one who brought me out from the womb and made me feel secure on my mother’s breasts. 10 I have been dependent on you since birth; from the time I came out of my mother’s womb you have been my God. 11 Do not remain far away from me, for trouble is near and I have no one to help me. 12 Many bulls surround me; powerful bulls of Bashan hem me in.⁠ 13 They open their mouths to devour me like a roaring lion that rips its prey.⁠ 14 My strength drains away like water; all my bones are dislocated. My heart is like wax; it melts away inside me. 15 The roof of my mouth is as dry as a piece of pottery; my tongue sticks to my gums. You set me in the dust of death.⁠ 16 Yes, wild dogs surround me—a gang of evil men crowd around me; like a lion they pin my hands and feet.⁠ 17 I can count all my bones; my enemies are gloating over me in triumph. 18 They are dividing up my clothes among themselves; they are rolling dice for my garments. 19 But you, O Lord, do not remain far away. You are my source of strength. Hurry and help me! 20 Deliver me from the sword. Save my life from the claws of the wild dogs. 21 Rescue me from the mouth of the lion and from the horns of the wild oxen. You have answered me.⁠ 22 I will declare your name to my countrymen.⁠ In the middle of the assembly I will praise you. 23 You loyal followers of the Lord, praise him. All you descendants of Jacob, honor him. All you descendants of Israel, stand in awe of him. 24 For he did not despise or detest the suffering of the oppressed. He did not ignore him; when he cried out to him, he responded. 25 You are the reason I offer praise in the great assembly; I will fulfill my promises before the Lord’s loyal followers. 26 Let the oppressed eat and be filled. Let those who seek his help praise the Lord. May you live forever! 27 Let all the people of the earth acknowledge the Lord and turn to him. Let all the nations worship you. 28 For the Lord is king and rules over the nations. 29 All the thriving people of the earth will join the celebration and worship; all those who are descending into the grave will bow before him, including those who cannot preserve their lives. 30 A whole generation will serve him; they will tell the next generation about the Lord. 31 They will come and tell about his saving deeds; they will tell a future generation what he has accomplished.

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 22:7 and Matthew 27:41

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Matthew uses the language of Psalm 22 when shaping its narrative of Jesus' crucifixion, echoing the psalm’s language of mockery and disbelief. The taunts of the crowd in Matthew match those in the psalm, where the figure is ridiculed for trusting in God.

Passages

Psalm 22:7

Hebrew Bible
4 In you our ancestors trusted; they trusted in you and you rescued them. 5 To you they cried out, and they were saved; in you they trusted and they were not disappointed. 6 But I am a worm, not a man; people insult me and despise me. 7 All who see me taunt me; they mock me and shake their heads. 8 They say, “Commit yourself to the Lord! Let the Lord rescue him! Let the Lord deliver him, for he delights in him.”
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

Matthew 27:41

New Testament
39 Those who passed by defamed him, shaking their heads 40 and saying, “You who can destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days, save yourself! If you are God’s Son, come down from the cross!” 41 In the same way even the chief priests—together with the experts in the law and elders—were mocking him: 42 “He saved others, but he cannot save himself! He is the king of Israel! If he comes down now from the cross, we will believe in him! 43 He trusts in God—let God, if he wants to, deliver him now because he said, ‘I am God’s Son’!” 44 The robbers who were crucified with him also spoke abusively to him.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... The study of the use of the Old Testament in the New Testament continues to be a work in progress. The book of Psalms is quoted many times in the New Testament, and a few special verses from the Psalms come in for repeated use in both the New Testament in general and Hebrews in particular ... Psalm 22:8 - Matthew 27:43, chief priest questions Jesus, who said 'I am Son' ..."
Ben Witherington, Letters and Homilies for Jewish Christians: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary on Hebrews, James and Jude (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2010), 110.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 22:7 and Matthew 27:41

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