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Psalms

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Psalm 102

1 The prayer of an oppressed man, as he grows faint and pours out his lament before the Lord. O Lord, hear my prayer. Pay attention to my cry for help. 2 Do not ignore me in my time of trouble. Listen to me. When I call out to you, quickly answer me. 3 For my days go up in smoke, and my bones are charred as in a fireplace. 4 My heart is parched and withered like grass, for I am unable to eat food. 5 Because of the anxiety that makes me groan, my bones protrude from my skin. 6 I am like an owl in the wilderness; I am like a screech owl among the ruins. 7 I stay awake; I am like a solitary bird on a roof. 8 All day long my enemies taunt me; those who mock me use my name in their curses. 9 For I eat ashes as if they were bread, and mix my drink with my tears, 10 because of your anger and raging fury. Indeed, you pick me up and throw me away. 11 My days are coming to an end, and I am withered like grass. 12 But you, O Lord, rule forever, and your reputation endures. 13 You will rise up and have compassion on Zion. For it is time to have mercy on her, for the appointed time has come. 14 Indeed, your servants take delight in her stones and feel compassion for the dust of her ruins. 15 The nations will respect the reputation of the Lord, and all the kings of the earth will respect his splendor 16 when the Lord rebuilds Zion and reveals his splendor, 17 when he responds to the prayer of the destitute and does not reject their request. 18 The account of his intervention will be recorded for future generations; people yet to be born will praise the Lord. 19 For he will look down from his sanctuary above; from heaven the Lord will look toward earth,⁠ 20 in order to hear the painful cries of the prisoners and to set free those condemned to die, 21 so they may proclaim the name of the Lord in Zion and praise him in Jerusalem 22 when the nations gather together, and the kingdoms pay tribute to the Lord. 23 He has taken away my strength in the middle of life; he has cut short my days. 24 I say, “O my God, please do not take me away in the middle of my life. You endure through all generations. 25 In earlier times you established the earth; the skies are your handiwork.⁠ 26 They will perish, but you will endure. They will wear out like a garment; like clothes you will remove them and they will disappear. 27 But you remain; your years do not come to an end.⁠ 28 The children of your servants will settle down here, and their descendants will live securely in your presence.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 63:15 and Psalm 102:19

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah 63 and Psalm 102 describe God looking down from heaven, treating it as a physical place above the earth. Both reflect ancient Near Eastern views of a three-level world with heaven above, earth in the middle, and the underworld below.

Passages

Isaiah 63:15

Hebrew Bible
13 who led them through the deep water? Like a horse running through the wilderness they did not stumble. 14 As an animal that goes down into a valley to graze, so the Spirit of the Lord granted them rest. In this way you guided your people, gaining for yourself an honored reputation. 15 Look down from heaven and take notice, from your holy, majestic palace! Where are your zeal and power? Do not hold back your tender compassion! 16 For you are our father, though Abraham does not know us and Israel does not recognize us. You, Lord, are our father; you have been called our Protector from ancient times. 17 Why, Lord, do you make us stray from your ways and make our minds stubborn so that we do not obey you? Return for the sake of your servants, the tribes of your inheritance!
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Psalm 102:19

Hebrew Bible
17 when he responds to the prayer of the destitute and does not reject their request. 18 The account of his intervention will be recorded for future generations; people yet to be born will praise the Lord. 19 For he will look down from his sanctuary above; from heaven the Lord will look toward earth, 20 in order to hear the painful cries of the prisoners and to set free those condemned to die, 21 so they may proclaim the name of the Lord in Zion and praise him in Jerusalem
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

"... The motif “king of heaven” is not an indication that God was thought of here as the king in and of heaven only, simply that he is king of the earth but ruled as king from heaven. This explanation conforms with such phrases in Daniel as “God in heaven” (2:28) and with the fact that Nebuchadnezzar’s kingship and kingdom is subtly compared and contrasted with the Divine Kingdom and Kingship (e.g. 4:22, 25, 26). We may note, too, the association of Divine Kingship with “judgement, justice”. This verse has the distinction of being the first to locate the Divine Royal Presence explicitly in “heaven”. The term “heaven” (literally “heavens”) can mean both the dwelling place of God, “air” or “sky” and God himself, much like the word hwn “pasture” on occasion. Particularly when not in conjunction with “kingdom”, “heaven” is the uppermost world of the three-tiered Hebrew cosmos. It is literally a location in space to be distinguished from “earth” and “Sheol” or the underworld. This “heaven” was nothing less in some circles than the dwelling place of God (Particularly evident: where God is said to look down from heaven, e.g. Psalm 14:2, 33:15, 53:2, 80:14, 102:19, Isaiah 63:15, Lamentations 3:50; where God is said to descend from heaven to the earth, e.g. Genesis 11:5, 7, Exodus 19:11, 18, 20, Isaiah 64:1; and in the post-exilic title “God of heaven”, e.g. Ezra 1:2, Nehemiah 1:4,5, 2:4,20, Psalm 136:26) though as Psalm 139:7-10 testifies, that did not necessarily nullify God’s perceived ability to be anywhere ..."
Roderick R. Letchford, “Pharisees, Jesus, and the Kingdom: Divine Royal Presence as Exegetical Key to Luke 17:20–21” (PhD diss., Australian National University, 2001), 141.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 63:15 and Psalm 102:19

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