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Psalms

About this book
Psalm 10

1 Why, Lord, do you stand far off? Why do you pay no attention during times of trouble? 2 The wicked arrogantly chase the oppressed; the oppressed are trapped by the schemes the wicked have dreamed up. 3 Yes, the wicked man boasts because he gets what he wants; the one who robs others curses and rejects the Lord. 4 The wicked man is so arrogant he always thinks, “God won’t hold me accountable; he doesn’t care.” 5 He is secure at all times. He has no regard for your commands; he disdains all his enemies. 6 He says to himself, “I will never be shaken, because I experience no calamity.” 7 His mouth is full of curses and deceptive, harmful words; his tongue injures and destroys. 8 He waits in ambush near the villages; in hidden places he kills the innocent. His eyes look for some unfortunate victim. 9 He lies in ambush in a hidden place, like a lion in a thicket. He lies in ambush, waiting to catch the oppressed; he catches the oppressed by pulling in his net. 10 His victims are crushed and beaten down; they are trapped in his sturdy nets. 11 He says to himself, “God overlooks it; he does not pay attention; he never notices.” 12 Rise up, Lord! O God, strike him down. Do not forget the oppressed. 13 Why does the wicked man reject God? He says to himself, “You will not hold me accountable.” 14 You have taken notice, for you always see one who inflicts pain and suffering. The unfortunate victim entrusts his cause to you; you deliver the fatherless.⁠ 15 Break the arm of the wicked and evil man. Hold him accountable for his wicked deeds, which he thought you would not discover. 16 The Lord rules forever! The nations are driven out of his land. 17 Lord, you have heard the request of the oppressed; you make them feel secure because you listen to their prayer. 18 You defend the fatherless and oppressed, so that mere mortals may no longer terrorize them.

Texts in conversation

Compare Deuteronomy 10:18 and Psalm 10:14

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Psalm 10 answers the wicked's claim that God doesn't notice suffering by calling him the one who defends the fatherless, the very duty Deuteronomy places on God himself. The psalmist's trust is described as a legal claim.

Passages

Deuteronomy 10:18

Hebrew Bible
17 For the Lord your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God who is unbiased and takes no bribe, 18 who justly treats the orphan and widow, and who loves resident foreigners, giving them food and clothing. 19 So you must love the resident foreigner because you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

Psalm 10:14

Hebrew Bible
11 He says to himself, “God overlooks it; he does not pay attention; he never notices.” 12 Rise up, Lord! O God, strike him down. Do not forget the oppressed. 13 Why does the wicked man reject God? He says to himself, “You will not hold me accountable.” 14 You have taken notice, for you always see one who inflicts pain and suffering. The unfortunate victim entrusts his cause to you; you deliver the fatherless.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

“... Yahweh's fatherly care is extended to those who are bereft of the security and the sense of belonging that families provide. Hosea 14:4b (Eng 14:3b) adds to the tender picture by affirming that in Yahweh orphans find compassion. Various hymns were sung to describe how Yahweh is “father of the fatherless” and “the helper of the fatherless” (Ps 10:14; 68:6 [Eng 68:5]). The orphan, along with the widow and the gēr (the non-Israelite resident or “client”), typified the powerless in ancient Israel (Exod 22:21–24; Deut 10:18 etc.). Prophets describe the abuse of these individuals by those in power (e.g., Jer 7:6; Isa 1:17, 10:2; Mal 3:5). Yahweh provides protection, justice, food, and clothing to these disadvantaged segments of society (e.g., Deut 10:18; Ps 68:6 [Eng 68:5]; cf. Ps 146:9; Prov 15:25; 23:10b–11). Such concern about the marginalized was a widespread motif used of father figures (especially deities and monarchs) throughout ancient Near Eastern literature. ...”
Theodore J. Lewis, The Origin and Character of God: Ancient Israelite Religion through the Lens of Divinity (New York: Oxford University Press, 2020), 482.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Deuteronomy 10:18 and Psalm 10:14

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