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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 8

1 Does not wisdom call out? Does not understanding raise her voice? 2 At the top of the prominent places along the way, at the intersection of the paths she has taken her stand; 3 beside the gates opening into the city, at the entrance of the doorways she cries out: 4 “To you, O people, I call out, and my voice calls to all mankind. 5 You who are naive, discern wisdom! And you fools, understand discernment!⁠ 6 Listen, for I will speak excellent things, and my lips will utter what is right. 7 For my mouth speaks truth, and my lips hate wickedness. 8 All the words of my mouth are righteous; there is nothing in them twisted or crooked. 9 All of them are clear to the discerning and upright to those who find knowledge. 10 Receive my instruction rather than silver, and knowledge rather than choice gold. 11 For wisdom is better than rubies, and desirable things cannot be compared to her. 12 “I, wisdom, have dwelt with prudence, and I find knowledge and discretion. 13 The fear of the Lord is to hate evil; I hate arrogant pride and the evil way and perverse utterances. 14 Counsel and sound wisdom belong to me; I possess understanding and might. 15 By me, kings reign, and by me, potentates decree righteousness;⁠ 16 by me, princes rule, as well as nobles and all righteous judges. 17 I will love those who love me, and those who seek me diligently will find me.⁠ 18 Riches and honor are with me, long-lasting wealth and righteousness. 19 My fruit is better than the purest gold, and my harvest is better than choice silver. 20 I walk in the path of righteousness, in the pathway of justice, 21 that I may cause those who love me to inherit wealth, and that I may fill their treasuries. 22 The Lord created me as the beginning of his works, before his deeds of long ago.⁠ 23 From eternity I have been fashioned, from the beginning, from before the world existed.⁠ 24 When there were no deep oceans I was born, when there were no springs overflowing with water; 25 before the mountains were set in place—before the hills—I was born,⁠ 26 before he made the earth and its fields, or the top soil of the world.⁠ 27 When he established the heavens, I was there; when he marked out the horizon over the face of the deep,⁠ 28 when he established the clouds above, when he secured the fountains of the deep, 29 when he gave the sea his decree that the waters should not pass over his command, when he marked out the foundations of the earth,⁠ 30 then I was beside him as a master craftsman,⁠ and I was his delight day by day, rejoicing before him at all times, 31 rejoicing in the habitable part of his earth, and delighting in its people. 32 “So now, children, listen to me; blessed are those who keep my ways. 33 Listen to my instruction so that you may be wise, and do not neglect it. 34 Blessed is the one who listens to me, watching at my doors day by day, waiting beside my doorway. 35 For the one who finds me has found life and received favor from the Lord. 36 But the one who misses me brings harm to himself; all who hate me love death.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 40:22 and Proverbs 8:27

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Proverbs 8 and Isaiah 40 use the word “circle” to picture the horizon of creation in ancient Near Eastern cosmology. Proverbs places wisdom present at this boundary, while Isaiah portrays God ruling above it.

Passages

Isaiah 40:22

Hebrew Bible
20 To make a contribution one selects wood that will not rot; he then seeks a skilled craftsman to make an idol that will not fall over. 21 Do you not know? Do you not hear? Has it not been told to you since the very beginning? Have you not understood from the time the earth’s foundations were made? 22 He is the one who sits on the earth’s horizon; its inhabitants are like grasshoppers before him. He is the one who stretches out the sky like a thin curtain, and spreads it out like a pitched tent. 23 He is the one who reduces rulers to nothing; he makes the earth’s leaders insignificant. 24 Indeed, they are barely planted; yes, they are barely sown; yes, they barely take root in the earth, and then he blows on them, causing them to dry up, and the wind carries them away like straw.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Proverbs 8:27

Hebrew Bible
25 before the mountains were set in place—before the hills—I was born, 26 before he made the earth and its fields, or the top soil of the world. 27 When he established the heavens, I was there; when he marked out the horizon over the face of the deep, 28 when he established the clouds above, when he secured the fountains of the deep, 29 when he gave the sea his decree that the waters should not pass over his command, when he marked out the foundations of the earth,
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

References

"... It is sometimes argued that certain biblical passages clearly describe a spherical earth. The arguments stem from the translation of the Hebrew word ḥûg as “circle” in Job 22:14; 26:10; Proverbs 8:27 and Isaiah 40:22. Unfortunately, ḥûg only occurs four times in the Old Testament, so there is not much lexical evidence on which to base a definitive translation. Even the Aramaic and Syriac cognate hugtā offers little assistance, since its primary use is in translations of the biblical texts. What, then, does it mean for the earth to have a circle? First, each of the passages in which we find this description is in a cosmological context. In Job 22:14 Eliphaz states that Job is accusing God of being distant, aloof and blind to Job’s situation. God is so distant, in fact, that he “walks on the dome [ḥûg] of heaven.” Most Bible translations render ḥûg as “vault,” because they recognize the cosmological imagery evoked here. John Hartley rightly notes, “From the ancient perspective, when God created the universe, he drew a circle to hold back the heavenly waters from covering the earth (Proverbs 8:27). His abode is located above this circle.” ..."
Kyle Greenwood, Scripture and Cosmology: Reading the Bible between the Ancient World and Modern Science (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2015), 78–79.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 40:22 and Proverbs 8:27

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