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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 6

1 My child, if you have made a pledge for your neighbor, if you have become a guarantor for a stranger, 2 if you have been ensnared by the words you have uttered and have been caught by the words you have spoken, 3 then, my child, do this in order to deliver yourself, because you have fallen into your neighbor’s power:⁠ Go, humble yourself, and appeal firmly to your neighbor. 4 Permit no sleep to your eyes or slumber to your eyelids. 5 Deliver yourself like a gazelle from a snare and like a bird from the trap of the fowler. 6 Go to the ant, you sluggard;⁠ observe her ways and be wise! 7 It has no commander, overseer, or ruler, 8 yet it would prepare its food in the summer; it gathered at the harvest what it will eat. 9 How long, you sluggard, will you lie there? When will you rise from your sleep? 10 A little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to relax, 11 and your poverty will come like a robber, and your need like an armed man. 12 A worthless and wicked person walks around saying perverse things;⁠ 13 he winks with his eyes, signals with his feet, and points with his fingers; 14 he plots evil with perverse thoughts in his heart; he spreads contention at all times. 15 Therefore, his disaster will come suddenly; in an instant he will be broken, and there will be no remedy. 16 There are six things that the Lord hates, even seven things that are an abomination to him: 17 haughty eyes, a lying tongue, and hands that shed innocent blood, 18 a heart that devises wicked plans, feet that are swift to run to evil, 19 a false witness who pours out lies, and a person who spreads discord among family members. 20 My child, guard the commands of your father and do not forsake the instruction of your mother.⁠ 21 Bind them on your heart continually; fasten them around your neck. 22 When you walk about, they will guide you; when you lie down, they will watch over you; when you wake up, they will talk to you.⁠ 23 For the commandments are like a lamp; instruction is like a light,⁠ and rebukes of discipline are like the road leading to life⁠ 24 by keeping you from the evil woman, from the smooth tongue of the loose woman. 25 Do not lust in your heart for her beauty, and do not let her captivate you with her alluring eyes;⁠ 26 for on account of a prostitute one is brought down to a loaf of bread, but the wife of another man preys on your precious life.⁠ 27 Can a man hold fire against his chest without burning his clothes? 28 Can a man walk on hot coals without scorching his feet? 29 So it is with the one who sleeps with his neighbor’s wife; no one who touches her will escape punishment. 30 People do not despise a thief when he steals to fulfill his need when he is hungry.⁠ 31 Yet if he is caught he must repay seven times over; he might even have to give all the wealth of his house. 32 A man who commits adultery with a woman lacks sense; whoever does it destroys his own life.⁠ 33 He will be beaten and despised, and his reproach will not be wiped away; 34 for jealousy kindles a husband’s rage, and he will not show mercy when he takes revenge. 35 He will not consider any compensation; he will not be willing, even if you multiply the compensation.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 6:25 and Matthew 5:28

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

In Matthew 5, Jesus places a “fence around the Torah” by extending the ban on adultery to desire, teaching that intent matters as much as action. This interpretation is similar to Proverbs 6, which urges people not to be captivated by another’s beauty.

Passages

Proverbs 6:25

Hebrew Bible
23 For the commandments are like a lamp; instruction is like a light, and rebukes of discipline are like the road leading to life 24 by keeping you from the evil woman, from the smooth tongue of the loose woman. 25 Do not lust in your heart for her beauty, and do not let her captivate you with her alluring eyes; 26 for on account of a prostitute one is brought down to a loaf of bread, but the wife of another man preys on your precious life. 27 Can a man hold fire against his chest without burning his clothes?
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Matthew 5:28

New Testament
26 I tell you the truth, you will never get out of there until you have paid the last penny! 27 “You have heard that it was said, ‘Do not commit adultery.’ 28 But I say to you that whoever looks at a woman to desire her has already committed adultery with her in his heart. 29 If your right eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away! It is better to lose one of your members than to have your whole body thrown into hell. 30 If your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away! It is better to lose one of your members than to have your whole body go into hell.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... According to Jesus, if a man looks at another man’s wife for the purpose of coveting her, he has already committed adultery. The words chosen here (coveting somebody’s wife) go back to another provision from the Decalogue. In the Greek, the text of Exodus 20:17 and Deuteronomy 5:21 reads: “You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife”. In Matthew 5:27–28, two provisions from the Decalogue are combined. One provision is explained using the other. As a result of the term ‘to covet’, the focus shifts from the physical act to the step of desiring or lusting that precedes it. The evil is rooted in desire; adultery begins in a person’s heart, which, in the contemporary anthropology, was not primarily the seat of this person’s feelings but of thoughts or intentions. Jesus’ comment considerably tightens the prohibition of adultery. His stricter interpretation corresponds with the early-Jewish exegesis, in which the two provisions from the Decalogue were also frequently combined. There are also numerous parallels of the opinion expressed in Matthew 5:28 that adultery already begins with someone’s desires or intentions: see Job 31:9–12; Proverbs 6:25 (here a wife tries to seduce another man by making eyes at him); Sirach 9:8; 26:21; 41:20–21; Testament of Reuben 3:10; 4:1; 6:1; Testament of Issachar 4:1–4; Leviticus Rabbah 23:12; b. Berakhot 16a; 11QTa 59:14 ..."
Wilhelmus Johannes Cornelis Weren, Studies in Matthew’s Gospel: Literary Design, Intertextuality, and Social Setting (Leiden: Brill, 2014), 146.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 6:25 and Matthew 5:28

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