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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 6

1 My child, if you have made a pledge for your neighbor, if you have become a guarantor for a stranger, 2 if you have been ensnared by the words you have uttered and have been caught by the words you have spoken, 3 then, my child, do this in order to deliver yourself, because you have fallen into your neighbor’s power:⁠ Go, humble yourself, and appeal firmly to your neighbor. 4 Permit no sleep to your eyes or slumber to your eyelids. 5 Deliver yourself like a gazelle from a snare and like a bird from the trap of the fowler. 6 Go to the ant, you sluggard;⁠ observe her ways and be wise! 7 It has no commander, overseer, or ruler, 8 yet it would prepare its food in the summer; it gathered at the harvest what it will eat. 9 How long, you sluggard, will you lie there? When will you rise from your sleep? 10 A little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to relax, 11 and your poverty will come like a robber, and your need like an armed man. 12 A worthless and wicked person walks around saying perverse things;⁠ 13 he winks with his eyes, signals with his feet, and points with his fingers; 14 he plots evil with perverse thoughts in his heart; he spreads contention at all times. 15 Therefore, his disaster will come suddenly; in an instant he will be broken, and there will be no remedy. 16 There are six things that the Lord hates, even seven things that are an abomination to him: 17 haughty eyes, a lying tongue, and hands that shed innocent blood, 18 a heart that devises wicked plans, feet that are swift to run to evil, 19 a false witness who pours out lies, and a person who spreads discord among family members. 20 My child, guard the commands of your father and do not forsake the instruction of your mother.⁠ 21 Bind them on your heart continually; fasten them around your neck. 22 When you walk about, they will guide you; when you lie down, they will watch over you; when you wake up, they will talk to you.⁠ 23 For the commandments are like a lamp; instruction is like a light,⁠ and rebukes of discipline are like the road leading to life⁠ 24 by keeping you from the evil woman, from the smooth tongue of the loose woman. 25 Do not lust in your heart for her beauty, and do not let her captivate you with her alluring eyes;⁠ 26 for on account of a prostitute one is brought down to a loaf of bread, but the wife of another man preys on your precious life.⁠ 27 Can a man hold fire against his chest without burning his clothes? 28 Can a man walk on hot coals without scorching his feet? 29 So it is with the one who sleeps with his neighbor’s wife; no one who touches her will escape punishment. 30 People do not despise a thief when he steals to fulfill his need when he is hungry.⁠ 31 Yet if he is caught he must repay seven times over; he might even have to give all the wealth of his house. 32 A man who commits adultery with a woman lacks sense; whoever does it destroys his own life.⁠ 33 He will be beaten and despised, and his reproach will not be wiped away; 34 for jealousy kindles a husband’s rage, and he will not show mercy when he takes revenge. 35 He will not consider any compensation; he will not be willing, even if you multiply the compensation.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 6:20 and Job 29:3

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Job 29 and Proverbs 6 both use the common image of a lamp as a protective force that wards off evil or darkness, with Job recalling divine light that shields from darkness and Proverbs presenting it as instruction guarding against negative influence.

Passages

Proverbs 6:20

Hebrew Bible
20 My child, guard the commands of your father and do not forsake the instruction of your mother. 21 Bind them on your heart continually; fasten them around your neck. 22 When you walk about, they will guide you; when you lie down, they will watch over you; when you wake up, they will talk to you. 23 For the commandments are like a lamp; instruction is like a light, and rebukes of discipline are like the road leading to life 24 by keeping you from the evil woman, from the smooth tongue of the loose woman.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Job 29:3

Hebrew Bible
2 “O that I could be as I was in the months now gone, in the days when God watched over me, 3 when he caused his lamp to shine upon my head, and by his light I walked through darkness; 4 just as I was in my most productive time, when God’s intimate friendship was experienced in my tent, 5 when the Almighty was still with me and my children were around me; 6 when my steps were bathed with butter and the rock poured out for me streams of olive oil!
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

References

"... Household religion centered upon the family, and as seen with the Passover example, much of its focus concentrated on those members of the household who were vulnerable. Pregnant women, newborn infants, and young children fell into this category, and it is no wonder with an infant mortality rate upwards of 50%. Excavations have uncovered amulets of the demon Pazuzu, attacker of fetuses (Garroway 2018: 112–13). Amulets such as these could be worn by expectant mothers wishing to ward off the danger posed by malevolent demons. Other amulets were also worn as protective measures. Images of Bes, a minor Egyptian deity known for protecting pregnant women, young children, and the beds of young children, are found throughout the Levant and at major Iron Age Israelite sites (Garroway 2018: 121; Keel and Uehlinger 1998: 20–21). The wedjat eye, another Egyptian import, was also used to protect ancient Israelite households (Garroway 2018: 127; Meyers 2013: 155). Shiny objects, mirrors, and other small objects could also function as protective measures, as did lamps that would provide divine protection to ward off the demons of darkness (Job 29:3-4; Proverbs 6:20–23) ..."
Kristine Henriksen Garroway, “Children in Ancient Israel,” in The Ancient Israelite World, ed. Kyle H. Keimer and George A. Pierce, Routledge Worlds (Abingdon: Routledge, 2023), 291–304.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 6:20 and Job 29:3

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