Go to Related Reading
About this book

Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 5

1 My child, be attentive to my wisdom; pay close attention to my understanding, 2 in order to safeguard discretion and that your lips may guard knowledge. 3 For the lips of the adulterous woman drip honey,⁠ and her seductive words are smoother than olive oil, 4 but in the end she is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a two-edged sword. 5 Her feet go down to death; her steps lead straight to the grave. 6 Lest she should make level the path leading to life, her paths have wandered, but she is not able to discern it. 7 So now, children, listen to me; do not turn aside from the words I speak. 8 Keep yourself far from her, and do not go near the door of her house, 9 lest you give your vigor to others and your years to a cruel person, 10 lest strangers devour your strength and your labor benefit another man’s house. 11 And at the end of your life you will groan when your flesh and your body are wasted away. 12 And you will say, “How I hated discipline! My heart spurned reproof! 13 For I did not obey my teachers, and I did not heed my instructors. 14 I almost came to complete ruin in the midst of the whole congregation!” 15 Drink water from your own cistern and running water from your own well. 16 Should your springs be dispersed outside, your streams of water in the wide plazas? 17 Let them be for yourself alone and not for strangers with you. 18 May your fountain be blessed, and may you rejoice in the wife you married in your youth—⁠ 19 a loving doe, a graceful deer; may her breasts satisfy you at all times may you be captivated by her love always. 20 But why should you be captivated, my son, by an adulteress, and embrace the bosom of a different woman? 21 For the ways of a person are in front of the Lord’s eyes, and the Lord weighs all that person’s paths. 22 The wicked will be captured by his own iniquities, and he will be held by the cords of his own sin. 23 He will die because there was no discipline; because of the greatness of his folly he will reel.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 5:18 and Malachi 2:15

Hebrew Bible

Share:

Summary

Proverbs and Malachi share language about the “wife of one’s youth” as the partner a man is meant to stay faithful to, compared to the harm of unfaithfulness. Proverbs also describes the woman who leaves her companion, showing the pain of betrayal.

Passages

Proverbs 5:18

Hebrew Bible
16 Should your springs be dispersed outside, your streams of water in the wide plazas? 17 Let them be for yourself alone and not for strangers with you. 18 May your fountain be blessed, and may you rejoice in the wife you married in your youth— 19 a loving doe, a graceful deer; may her breasts satisfy you at all times may you be captivated by her love always. 20 But why should you be captivated, my son, by an adulteress, and embrace the bosom of a different woman?
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Malachi 2:15

Hebrew Bible
13 You also do this: You cover the altar of the Lord with tears as you weep and groan, because he no longer pays any attention to the offering nor accepts it favorably from you. 14 Yet you ask, “Why?” The Lord is testifying against you on behalf of the wife you married when you were young, to whom you have become unfaithful even though she is your companion and wife by law. 15 No one who has even a small portion of the Spirit in him does this. What did our ancestor do when seeking a child from God? Be attentive, then, to your own spirit, for one should not be disloyal to the wife he took in his youth. 16 “I hate divorce,” says the Lord God of Israel, “and the one who is guilty of violence,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. “Pay attention to your conscience, and do not be unfaithful.” 17 You have wearied the Lord with your words. But you say, “How have we wearied him?” Because you say, “Everyone who does evil is good in the Lord’s opinion, and he delights in them,” or, “Where is the God of justice?”
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Malachi

References

"... In Proverbs 5:18 and Malachi 2:14, the “wife of one’s youth” describes a spouse to whom a man should be intimately committed. Conversely, Proverbs 2:17 rebukes the immoral woman who abandons the partner of her youth. The deserted spouse of one’s youth is thereby regarded as the innocent party. The description of the forsaken wife in Isaiah 54:6-8 also alludes to Lamentations 5. The words reused in Isaiah 54:6-8 are indicated in Lamentations 5:20-22 ... The appearance of this unique cluster of words in practically the same order shows that DI again alludes to Lamentations 5:20-22. Also, the theme of these two texts concerns YHWH abandoning the people / Zion in anger during the exile. However, in Lamentations 5, the abandoned people admit their culpability (Lamentations 5:7, 16), while Zion is portrayed by Deutero-Isaiah simply as the abandoned and possibly wronged wife of YHWH’s youth ..."
Maggie Low, Mother Zion in Deutero-Isaiah: A Metaphor for Zion Theology, StBibLit 155 (New York: Peter Lang, 2013), 104.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Proverbs 5:18 and Malachi 2:15

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library