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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 29

1 The one who stiffens his neck after numerous rebukes will suddenly be destroyed without remedy. 2 When the righteous become numerous, the people rejoice; when the wicked rule, the people groan. 3 The man who loves wisdom brings joy to his father, but whoever associates with prostitutes wastes his wealth.⁠ 4 A king brings stability to a land by justice, but one who exacts tribute tears it down. 5 The one who flatters his neighborspreads a net for his steps. 6 In the transgression of an evil person there is a snare, but a righteous person can sing and rejoice. 7 The righteous person cares for the legal rights of the poor; the wicked person does not understand such knowledge. 8 Scornful people inflame a city, but those who are wise turn away wrath. 9 When a wise person goes to court with a foolish person, there is no peace whether he is angry or laughs. 10 Bloodthirsty people hate someone with integrity; as for the upright, they seek his life. 11 A fool lets fly with all his temper, but a wise person keeps it back. 12 If a ruler listens to lies, all his ministers will be wicked. 13 The poor person and the oppressor have this in common: The Lord gives light to the eyes of them both.⁠ 14 If a king judges the poor in truth, his throne will be established forever. 15 A rod and reproof impart wisdom, but a child who is unrestrained brings shame to his mother. 16 When the wicked increase, transgression increases, but the righteous will see their downfall. 17 Discipline your child, and he will give you rest; he will bring you happiness. 18 When there is no prophetic vision the people cast off restraint, but the one who keeps the law, blessed is he! 19 A servant cannot be corrected by words, for although he understands, there is no answer. 20 You have seen someone who is hasty in his words— there is more hope for a fool than for him. 21 If someone pampers his servant from youth, he will be a weakling in the end. 22 An angry person stirs up dissension, and a wrathful person is abounding in transgression. 23 A person’s pride will bring him low, but one who has a lowly spirit will gain honor.⁠ 24 Whoever shares with a thief is his own enemy; he hears the oath to testify, but does not talk. 25 The fear of people becomes a snare, but whoever trusts in the Lord will be set on high. 26 Many people seek the face of a ruler, but it is from the Lord that one receives justice. 27 An unjust person is an abomination to the righteous, and the one who lives an upright life is an abomination to the wicked.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 29:13 and Matthew 5:45

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Proverbs 29 says that God gives light to the eyes of both the poor and the oppressor. Jesus similarly describes divine impartiality as sun and rain given to the evil and the good, to teach that his followers should love their enemies.

Passages

Proverbs 29:13

Hebrew Bible
11 A fool lets fly with all his temper, but a wise person keeps it back. 12 If a ruler listens to lies, all his ministers will be wicked. 13 The poor person and the oppressor have this in common: The Lord gives light to the eyes of them both. 14 If a king judges the poor in truth, his throne will be established forever. 15 A rod and reproof impart wisdom, but a child who is unrestrained brings shame to his mother.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Matthew 5:45

New Testament
43 “You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor’ and ‘hate your enemy.’ 44 But I say to you, love your enemy and pray for those who persecute you, 45 so that you may be like your Father in heaven, since he causes the sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. 46 For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Even the tax collectors do the same, don’t they?
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... Verse 45. “. . . so you may become sons of your father in heaven, because he causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good and causes it to rain on the righteous and unrighteous.” This sentiment was regarded as strange by some in antiquity, both Jew and Greek. For example, the Jew Josephus, Jewish War 5.407, says: “It is surely madness to expect God to show the same treatment to the just and the unjust” (compare Antiquities 4.180–83); the pagan source, Theognis 373ff, addresses the deity: “Dear Zeus, I wonder at Thee: Thou art the lord of all. . . . How then . . . dost thou think fit to deal the same measure to sinful and just alike, careless whether their hearts are turned to moderation or to insolence?” The sentiment has been affirmed by others, both Jewish and pagan. Note Jewish sources like Psalm 145:9—“The Lord is good to all, and his compassion is over all that he has made”; Proverbs 29:13—“The poor and the oppressor have this in common: the Lord gives light to the eyes of both” ..."
Charles H. Talbert, Reading the Sermon on the Mount: Character Formation and Decision Making in Matthew 5–7 (Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina, 2004), 95.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 29:13 and Matthew 5:45

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