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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 25

1 These also are proverbs of Solomon, which the men of King Hezekiah of Judah copied: 2 It is the glory of God to conceal a matter, and it is the glory of a king to search out a matter.⁠ 3 As the heaven is high and the earth is deep so the hearts of kings are unsearchable. 4 Remove the dross from the silver, and material for the silversmith will emerge; 5 remove the wicked from before the king, and his throne will be established in righteousness. 6 Do not honor yourself before the king, and do not stand in the place of great men;⁠ 7 for it is better for him to say to you, “Come up here,” than to put you lower before a prince, whom your eyes have seen. 8 Do not go out hastily to litigation, or what will you do afterward when your neighbor puts you to shame?⁠ 9 When you argue a case with your neighbor, do not reveal the secret of another person, 10 lest the one who hears it put you to shame and your infamy will never go away. 11 Like apples of gold in settings of silver, so is a word skillfully spoken.⁠ 12 Like an earring of gold and an ornament of fine gold, so is a wise reprover to the ear of the one who listens. 13 Like the cold of snow in the time of harvest, so is a faithful messenger to those who send him, for he refreshes the heart of his masters. 14 Like cloudy skies and wind that produce no rain, so is the one who boasts of a gift not given.⁠ 15 Through patience a ruler can be persuaded, and a soft tongue can break a bone. 16 You have found honey—eat only what is sufficient for you, lest you become stuffed with it and vomit it up. 17 Don’t set foot too frequently in your neighbor’s house, lest he become weary of you and hate you. 18 Like a club or a sword or a sharp arrow, so is the one who testifies against his neighbor as a false witness. 19 Like a bad tooth or a foot out of joint, so is confidence in an unfaithful person at the time of trouble. 20 Like one who takes off a garment on a cold day or like vinegar poured on soda, so is one who sings songs to a heavy heart. 21 If your enemy is hungry, give him food to eat, and if he is thirsty, give him water to drink,⁠ 22 for you will heap coals of fire on his head, and the Lord will reward you. 23 The north wind brings forth rain,⁠ and a gossiping tongue brings forth an angry look. 24 It is better to live on a corner of the housetop than in a house in company with a quarrelsome wife. 25 Like cold water to a weary person, so is good news from a distant land. 26 Like a muddied spring and a polluted well, so is a righteous person who gives way before the wicked. 27 It is not good to eat too much honey, nor is it honorable for people to seek their own glory. 28 Like a city that is broken down and without a wall, so is a person who cannot control his temper.

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 25:23 and 3 Enoch 23:10

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In Proverbs, a north wind bringing rain is used as a metaphor for the effects of gossip. In 3 Enoch, this metaphor is interpreted more literally, as one element of many different parts of heavenly weather.

Passages

Proverbs 25:23

Hebrew Bible
19 Like a bad tooth or a foot out of joint, so is confidence in an unfaithful person at the time of trouble. 20 Like one who takes off a garment on a cold day or like vinegar poured on soda, so is one who sings songs to a heavy heart. 21 If your enemy is hungry, give him food to eat, and if he is thirsty, give him water to drink, 22 for you will heap coals of fire on his head, and the Lord will reward you. 23 The north wind brings forth rain, and a gossiping tongue brings forth an angry look.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

3 Enoch 23:10

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Hebrew Book of Enoch
8 There blows the "Evil Wind" as it is written (1 Sam. xvi. 23): "and the evil wind departed from him". 9 There blow the "Wind of Wisdom" and the "Wind of Understanding" and the "Wind of Knowledge" and the "Wind of the Fear of H'" as it is written (Is. xi. 2): "And the wind of H' shall rest upon him; the wind of wisdom and understanding, the wind of counsel and might, the wind of knowledge and of the fear of H'". 10 There blows the "Wind of Rain", as it is written (Prov. xxv. 23): "the north wind brings forth rain".
400–600 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 Enoch

References

“... Interestingly, too, the lengthy passage that describes the winds (3 Enoch 23, §35)59 does not make use of the metrological imagery that I noted to be sig- nificant in the Parables; rather, it brings together an array of biblical texts that speak of the winds and combines their imagery. In fact, there is only one point in 3 Enoch where scales/balance imagery is used, in 18:20 (§27): Why is his name called Šoqedḥozi? Because he weighs men’s merits in scales in the presence of the Holy One, blessed be he. So, while there appears to be more entanglement with the content of Parables of Enoch and 2 Enoch than is seen in the biblical material or even in b.Ḥagigah, ...”
Grant Macaskill, The Entangled Enoch: 2 Enoch and the Cultures of Late Antiquity (Leiden: Koninklijke Brill BV, 2024), 138.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 25:23 and 3 Enoch 23:10

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