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Proverbs

About this book
Chapter 17

1 Better is a dry crust of bread where there is quietness than a house full of feasting with strife. 2 A servant who acts wisely will rule over an heir who behaves shamefully and will share the inheritance along with the relatives. 3 The crucible is for refining silver and the furnace is for gold; likewise the Lord tests hearts. 4 One who acts wickedly pays attention to evil counsel; a liar listens to a malicious tongue. 5 The one who mocks the poor has insulted his Creator; whoever rejoices over disaster will not go unpunished. 6 Grandchildren are like a crown to the elderly, and the glory of children is their parents. 7 Excessive speech is not becoming for a fool; how much less are lies for a ruler! 8 A bribe works like a charm for the one who offers it; in whatever he does he succeeds. 9 The one who forgives an offense seeks love, but whoever repeats a matter separates close friends. 10 A rebuke makes a greater impression on a discerning person than a hundred blows on a fool. 11 An evil person seeks only rebellion, and so a cruel messenger will be sent against him. 12 It is better for a person to meet a mother bear being robbed of her cubs than to encounter a fool in his folly. 13 As for the one who repays evil for good, evil will not leave his house.⁠ 14 Starting a quarrel is like letting out water; abandon strife before it breaks out! 15 The one who acquits the guilty and the one who condemns the innocent—both of them are an abomination to the Lord. 16 What’s the point of a fool having money in hand to buy wisdom when his head is empty? 17 A friend loves at all times, and a relative is born to help in adversity. 18 The one who lacks sense strikes hands in pledge and puts up financial security for his neighbor.⁠ 19 The one who loves a quarrel loves transgression; whoever builds his gate high seeks destruction. 20 The one who has a perverse heart does not find good, and the one who is deceitful in speech falls into trouble. 21 Whoever brings a fool into the world does so to his grief, and the father of a fool has no joy. 22 A cheerful heart brings good healing, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. 23 A wicked person receives a bribe secretly to pervert the ways of justice. 24 Wisdom is directly in front of the discerning person, but the eyes of a fool run to the ends of the earth. 25 A foolish child is a grief to his father and bitterness to the mother who bore him. 26 It is terrible to punish a righteous person, and to flog honorable men is wrong. 27 The truly wise person restrains his words, and the one who stays calm is discerning.⁠ 28 Even a fool who remains silent is considered wise, and the one who holds his tongue is deemed discerning.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 17:18 and Sirach 29:20

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Proverbs describes the risk of guaranteeing another person’s loan. Sirach develops this in a discussion about lending and generosity, urging people to avoid exploitation while still valuing financial responsibility and caring for the community.

Passages

Proverbs 17:18

Hebrew Bible
16 What’s the point of a fool having money in hand to buy wisdom when his head is empty? 17 A friend loves at all times, and a relative is born to help in adversity. 18 The one who lacks sense strikes hands in pledge and puts up financial security for his neighbor. 19 The one who loves a quarrel loves transgression; whoever builds his gate high seeks destruction. 20 The one who has a perverse heart does not find good, and the one who is deceitful in speech falls into trouble.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Sirach 29:20

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
18 Being surety has undone many who were prospering and shaken them as a wave of the sea. It has driven mighty men from their homes. They wandered among foreign nations. 19 A sinner who falls into suretiship and undertakes contracts for work will fall into lawsuits. 20 Help your neighbor according to your power, and be careful not to fall yourself. 21 The essentials of life are water, bread, a garment, and a house for privacy. 22 Better is the life of a poor man under a shelter of logs than sumptuous fare in another man’s house.
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

References

"... In the overall context of Sirach 8, verses 12-13 are pessimistically cautious, brief and pragmatic. The concern of these statements is to protect the students from being exploited and they thus share the reservations of Ps 37:21 regarding loans to the unscrupulous and are also in basic continuity with the warnings against surety in Proverbs, which are consistently negative in nature (compare Proverbs 6:1-5; 11:15; 17:18; 22:26-27). As we will see in the next section, the discussion of loans and surety in chapter 8 lacks the more explicitly theological grounding found in the later discussion of chapter 29 concerning the connection to the commands of the Torah or the general benevolence of these acts, especially notable since this larger section follows the admonitions to give generously to those in need (7:32-36). Commentators are agreed that 29:1 begins a new pericope because of the obvious change in content, from the issue of controlling one’s tongue to financial matters. Within chapter 29 itself, commentators divide the text differently. All commentators see a break between verses 20 and 21 and thus classify 29:21-28 as a subunit. Gilbert notes that the presence of (“take care”) in 28:26 and 29:20 brackets 29:1-20 as a distinct section. Beginning in 29:21 the discussion shifts from the perspective of those with means who are exhorted to give generously (verses 1-20) to the virtue of moderation in contrast to the impoverished ruin that results from greedy financial mismanagement ..."
Bradley C. Gregory, Like an Everlasting Signet Ring: Generosity in the Book of Sirach, DCLS 2 (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, 2010), 133.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 17:18 and Sirach 29:20

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