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Onkelos Leviticus

About this book

Offerings and the Priests' Share

Chapter 7

1 And this is the law of the Trespass Offering; it is most holy. 2 In the place where they kill the burnt offering, they shall kill the trespass offering and sprinkle its blood all around the altar. 3 All the fat shall be offered, including the tail and the fat that covers the internal organs. 4 The two kidneys and the fat on them, along with the fat on the sides and the covering over the liver, with the kidneys, shall be removed. 5 The priest shall burn them on the altar as an offering before the Lord; it is a trespass offering. 6 Every male among the priests may eat it in the holy place; it is most sacred. 7 The same law applies to both the sin offering and the trespass offering; the priest who makes atonement with it shall have it. 8 When the priest offers a person’s burnt sacrifice, the skin of the sacrifice that the priest offers shall belong to him. 9 Every grain offering baked in an oven, or cooked in a pan or on a griddle, shall belong to the priest who offers it. 10 Every grain offering, whether mixed with oil or dry, shall be shared equally among all the sons of Aaron. 11 This is the law of the Holy Sacrifice that one may offer before the Lord. 12 If it is offered as a thanksgiving, then he shall offer unleavened cakes mixed with oil, unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and cakes of fine flour mixed with oil. 13 With the cakes, he shall present leavened bread as his offering of thanksgiving. 14 From it, he shall offer one out of each offering as a contribution before the Lord; it shall belong to the priest who sprinkles the blood of the Holy Sacrifice. 15 The meat of his holy thanksgiving sacrifice shall be eaten on the day it is offered; none of it shall be left until the morning. 16 If the sacrifice of his offering is a vow or a voluntary offering, it may be eaten the same day that he offers his sacrifice, and what remains of it may be eaten on the next day. 17 But what remains of the flesh of the sacrifice on the third day shall be burned with fire. 18 If any of the flesh of the sacrifice is eaten on the third day, it will not be accepted, nor will it be credited to the one who offered it; it will be considered an abomination, and the person who eats of it shall bear their guilt. 19 If the flesh that is consecrated touches anything unclean, it shall not be eaten but shall be burned with fire. Anyone who is ceremonially clean may eat the consecrated flesh. 20 But anyone who is unclean and eats the flesh of the sacrifices that are consecrated before the Lord, that person shall be cut off from their people. 21 Anyone who touches anything unclean, whether human uncleanness or an unclean animal or any unclean creature, and then eats of the flesh of the sacrifices that are consecrated before the Lord, that person shall be cut off from their people.

Fat, Blood, and Sacred Portions

22 The Lord spoke with Moses, saying: 23 Speak to the Israelites, saying: You shall not eat any of the fat of oxen, sheep, or goats.⁠ 24 The fat of a dead animal and the fat of an animal torn by wild beasts may be used in any other way, but you must not eat it. 25 Anyone who eats the fat of an animal from which an offering may be made before the Lord, that person shall be cut off from their people. 26 You must not eat any blood, whether from birds or animals, in any of your settlements.⁠ 27 Anyone who eats any blood, that person shall be cut off from their people. 28 The Lord spoke with Moses, saying: 29 Speak to the Israelites, saying: Whoever offers their Holy Sacrifice before the Lord shall bring part of it as their offering before the Lord. 30 Their own hands shall bring the offerings before the Lord; they shall bring the fat along with the breast, so that the breast may be lifted as a lifted offering before the Lord. 31 The priest shall burn the fat on the altar, but the breast shall belong to Aaron and his sons. 32 You shall give the right thigh from your Holy Sacrifices as a contribution to the priest. 33 The son of Aaron who offers the blood and the fat of the Holy Sacrifices shall have the right thigh as his portion. 34 For I have taken the breast of the lifted offering and the contribution thigh from the Israelites out of their Holy Sacrifices and have given them to Aaron the priest and his sons as their perpetual share from the Israelites. 35 This is the portion of the anointing of Aaron and the anointing of his sons from the offerings before the Lord, on the day when they were presented to serve before the Lord as priests. 36 The Lord commanded the Israelites to give this to them on the day that they were anointed. It is a perpetual share for their generations. 37 This is the law of the burnt offering, the grain offering, the sin offering, the trespass offering, the ordination offering, and the Holy Sacrifice, 38 which the Lord commanded Moses on Mount Sinai on the day he commanded the Israelites to bring their offerings before the Lord in the wilderness of Sinai.

Texts in conversation

Compare Leviticus 7:26 and Onkelos Leviticus 7:26

Hebrew Bible · Targum

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Summary

Leviticus 7 and its Aramaic translation in Targum Onkelos emphasize the total ban on consuming blood, extending the rule beyond sacrificial contexts to all locations. This universality contrasts with other commands that are limited to the Temple setting.

Passages

Leviticus 7:26

Hebrew Bible
25 If anyone eats fat from the animal from which he presents a gift to the Lord, that person will be cut off from his people. 26 And you must not eat any blood of the birds or of the domesticated land animals in any of the places where you live. 27 Any person who eats any blood—that person will be cut off from his people.’”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Leviticus

Onkelos Leviticus 7:26

Targum
25 Anyone who eats the fat of an animal from which an offering may be made before the Lord, that person shall be cut off from their people. 26 You must not eat any blood, whether from birds or animals, in any of your settlements. 27 Anyone who eats any blood, that person shall be cut off from their people.
50–500 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Onkelos Leviticus

References

"... One might have thought that since the prohibition against eating blood is stated within the laws dealing with sacrifices, it applies only in Canaan / Israel when the Temple is standing. The Torah, therefore, stresses that it applies everywhere and at all times (Rashi; Babylonian Talmud, Kiddushin 37b). The Bible uses the same language for other laws such as matzah and the Sabbath ..."
Israel Drazin and Stanley M. Wagner, Onkelos on the Torah, Leviticus: Understanding the Bible Text (Jerusalem: Gefen, 2008), 46.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Leviticus 7:26 and Onkelos Leviticus 7:26

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