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About this book

Neofiti Numbers

About this book

Miriam and Aaron Criticize Moses

Chapter 12

1 Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses about the Cushite woman he had married. That Cushite woman was Zipporah, Moses’ wife. Just as a Cushite woman is different in body from every other person, Zipporah, Moses’ wife, was beautiful in form and lovely in appearance, and distinguished in her good deeds from all the women of that generation. 2 They said, “Has the Lord spoken only with Moses? Has he not also spoken with us?” It was heard before the Lord. 3 The man Moses was very humble, more than any other human being on the face of the earth. 4 The Lord suddenly said to Moses, Aaron, ⟨and Miriam, “Go out, the three of you, to the tent of meeting.”⟩ The three of them went out. 5 The Glory of the Shekinah of the Lord was revealed in the pillar of cloud and stood at the entrance to the tabernacle. He called Aaron and Miriam, and the two of them went out. 6 He said, “Please hear my words. If there is a prophet among you, I, the Lord, will be revealed to him in visions, and I will speak with him in dreams. 7 My servant Moses is unlike any other prophet. He is faithful in the whole world I created. 8 ⟨I spoke⟩ with him speech to speech, in visions and not in appearances, and he would look at a likeness from before the Lord. Why, then, were you not afraid to speak against my servant Moses?”

Miriam’s Skin Disease and Recovery

9 The Lord’s anger grew strong against them, and he departed. 10 The cloud moved away from over the tabernacle, and Miriam had a defiling skin disease ⟨like snow. Aaron looked at Miriam, and she had a defiling skin disease⟩. 11 Aaron said to Moses, “Please, my master, do not hold against us the offense we foolishly committed and the sin we committed. 12 Please do not let Miriam remain unclean in the tent like a dead person. She is like a child that spent nine months in its mother’s womb, in water and fire, unharmed, but when the time came to enter the world, half its flesh was consumed. So it was when we were enslaved in Egypt and driven through the wilderness: our sister saw us in our slavery. Now that the time has come to possess the land, why should she be kept from us? Pray for the dead flesh on her, so that it may live. Why should ⟨we lose⟩ her merit?” 13 Moses prayed before the Lord and said, “I appeal to the mercy before you, Lord, gracious and merciful God: heal her.” 14 The Lord said to Moses, “If her father had scolded her harshly, it would be right for her to be humbled before him for seven days.⁠ Confine her outside the camp for seven days, and afterward she will be healed.” 15 Miriam was confined outside the camp for seven days, and the people did not travel until Miriam was healed. 16 Although Miriam the prophetess was condemned to have a defiling skin disease, there is much teaching here for the wise and for those who keep the Law: for even a small commandment a person performs, he receives a great reward. Since Miriam stood on the riverbank to learn what would finally happen to Moses, Israel became 600,000, a total of eighty legions. The clouds of Glory and the well did not move or travel from their places until Miriam the prophetess was healed of her skin disease. ⟨After Miriam the prophetess was healed of her skin disease⟩, the people traveled from Hazeroth and camped in the wilderness of Paran.

Texts in conversation

Compare Matthew 7:2 and Neofiti Numbers 12:16

New Testament · Targum

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Summary

In Matthew 7, Jesus warns that the way you judge others will be used to judge you in return, echoing a principle found throughout Jewish tradition, including the Aramaic Targums, known as “measure for measure.”

Passages

Matthew 7:2

New Testament
1 “Do not judge so that you will not be judged. 2 For by the standard you judge you will be judged, and the measure you use will be the measure you receive. 3 Why do you see the speck in your brother’s eye, but fail to see the beam of wood in your own? 4 Or how can you say to your brother, ‘Let me remove the speck from your eye,’ while there is a beam in your own?
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

Neofiti Numbers 12:16

Targum
14 The Lord said to Moses, “If her father had scolded her harshly, it would be right for her to be humbled before him for seven days. Confine her outside the camp for seven days, and afterward she will be healed.” 15 Miriam was confined outside the camp for seven days, and the people did not travel until Miriam was healed. 16 Although Miriam the prophetess was condemned to have a defiling skin disease, there is much teaching here for the wise and for those who keep the Law: for even a small commandment a person performs, he receives a great reward. Since Miriam stood on the riverbank to learn what would finally happen to Moses, Israel became 600,000, a total of eighty legions. The clouds of Glory and the well did not move or travel from their places until Miriam the prophetess was healed of her skin disease. ⟨After Miriam the prophetess was healed of her skin disease⟩, the people traveled from Hazeroth and camped in the wilderness of Paran.
300–1000 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Neofiti Numbers

References

"... The moral concept of “measure for measure” is well known in Judaism, being broadly evidenced by the Targums and by rabbinic literature. Targum Isaiah 27:8 contains the addition, “With the measure you were measuring with they will measure you.” In Matthew 7:2 and Mark 4:24, Jesus utters a similar saying, “In the measure you measure it shall be measured you.” In both locations, the maxim is stated as an ethical concept that explains a judgment. In Targum Isaiah, the judgment applies to a future king who will be oppressing Israel and signals Israel’s rescue by God and the king’s defeat. In both Matthew and Mark, the phrase is cast in the plural and refers to Jesus’ listeners as he urges them ..."
Paul V. M. Flesher and Bruce D. Chilton, The Targums: A Critical Introduction, SAIS 12 (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2011), 396.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Matthew 7:2 and Neofiti Numbers 12:16

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