Go to Related Reading
About this book

Nehemiah

About this book
Chapter 8

1 all the people gathered together in the plaza which was in front of the Water Gate. They asked Ezra the scribe to bring the book of the law of Moses which the Lord had commanded Israel. 2 So Ezra the priest brought the law before the assembly which included men and women and all those able to understand what they heard. (This happened on the first day of the seventh month.)⁠ 3 So he read it before the plaza in front of the Water Gate from dawn till noon⁠ before the men and women and those children who could understand. All the people were eager to hear the book of the law. 4 Ezra the scribe stood on a towering wooden platform constructed for this purpose. Standing near him on his right were Mattithiah, Shema, Anaiah, Uriah, Hilkiah, and Masseiah. On his left were Pedaiah, Mishael, Malkijah, Hashum, Hashbaddanah, Zechariah, and Meshullam. 5 Ezra opened the book in plain view of all the people, for he was elevated above all the people. When he opened the book, all the people stood up. 6 Ezra blessed the Lord, the great God, and all the people replied “Amen! Amen!” as they lifted their hands. Then they bowed down and worshiped the Lord with their faces to the ground. 7 Jeshua, Bani, Sherebiah, Jamin, Akkub, Shabbethai, Hodiah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad, Hanan, and Pelaiah—all of whom were Levites—were teaching the people the law, as the people remained standing. 8 They read from the book of God’s law, explaining it and imparting insight.⁠ Thus the people gained understanding from what was read.⁠ 9 Then Nehemiah the governor, Ezra the priestly scribe,⁠ and the Levites who were imparting understanding to the people said to all of them, “This day is holy to the Lord your God. Do not mourn or weep.”⁠ For all the people had been weeping when they heard the words of the law. 10 He said to them, “Go and eat delicacies and drink sweet drinks and send portions to those for whom nothing is prepared.⁠ For this day is holy to our Lord. Do not grieve, for the joy of the Lord is your strength.” 11 Then the Levites quieted all the people saying, “Be quiet, for this day is holy. Do not grieve.” 12 So all the people departed to eat and drink and to share their food with others and to enjoy tremendous joy, for they had gained insight in the matters that had been made known to them. 13 On the second day of the month the family leaders met with Ezra the scribe, together with all the people, the priests, and the Levites, to consider the words of the law. 14 They discovered written in the law that the Lord had commanded through Moses that the Israelites should live in temporary shelters during the festival of the seventh month, 15 and that they should make a proclamation and disseminate this message in all their cities and in Jerusalem: “Go to the hill country and bring back olive branches and branches of wild olive trees, myrtle trees, date palms, and other leafy trees to construct temporary shelters, as it is written.”⁠ 16 So the people went out and brought these things back and constructed temporary shelters for themselves, each on his roof and in his courtyard and in the courtyards of the temple of God and in the plaza of the Water Gate and the plaza of the Ephraim Gate. 17 So all the assembly which had returned from the exile constructed temporary shelters and lived in them. The Israelites had not done so from the days of Joshua son of Nun until that day. Everyone experienced very great joy. 18 Ezra read in the book of the law of God day by day, from the first day to the last. They observed the festival for seven days, and on the eighth day they held an assembly as was required.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Deuteronomy 16:14 and Nehemiah 8:9

Hebrew Bible

Share:

Summary

Deuteronomy commands the people to celebrate the Festival of Booths with joy, including servants, foreigners, orphans, and widows. Nehemiah shows the community observing the festival in this way after the exile, building shelters and rejoicing together.

Passages

Deuteronomy 16:14

Hebrew Bible
12 Furthermore, remember that you were a slave in Egypt, and so be careful to observe these statutes. 13 You must celebrate the Feast of Shelters for seven days, at the time of the grain and grape harvest. 14 You are to rejoice in your festival, you, your son, your daughter, your male and female slaves, the Levites, the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows who are in your villages. 15 You are to celebrate the festival seven days before the Lord your God in the place he chooses, for he will bless you in all your productivity and in whatever you do; so you will indeed rejoice! 16 Three times a year all your males must appear before the Lord your God in the place he chooses for the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Shelters; and they must not appear before him empty-handed.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

Nehemiah 8:9

Hebrew Bible
7 Jeshua, Bani, Sherebiah, Jamin, Akkub, Shabbethai, Hodiah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad, Hanan, and Pelaiah—all of whom were Levites—were teaching the people the law, as the people remained standing. 8 They read from the book of God’s law, explaining it and imparting insight. Thus the people gained understanding from what was read. 9 Then Nehemiah the governor, Ezra the priestly scribe, and the Levites who were imparting understanding to the people said to all of them, “This day is holy to the Lord your God. Do not mourn or weep.” For all the people had been weeping when they heard the words of the law. 10 He said to them, “Go and eat delicacies and drink sweet drinks and send portions to those for whom nothing is prepared. For this day is holy to our Lord. Do not grieve, for the joy of the Lord is your strength.” 11 Then the Levites quieted all the people saying, “Be quiet, for this day is holy. Do not grieve.”
400–301 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Nehemiah

References

"... The Priestly norms and Holiness Code present the Festival of Booths as a communal recollection of the exodus accompanied by appropriate sacrificial offerings (Numbers 29:12–38 [P]; Leviticus 23:33–38, 39–43 [H]). The narrative in Nehemiah embodies the Holiness prescriptions that the people live in booths as their ancestors had done in the wilderness (Nehemiah 8:15–17; compare Leviticus 23:39–43 [H]). This code mentions a construction made from four species of trees, including palms and willows, while the Book of Nehemiah expands the list to include olive and myrtle trees (Leviticus 23:40; Nehemiah 8:15). The Priestly tradition stipulates sacrificial offerings for each day of the festival (Numbers 29:12–28; compare Leviticus 23:36–38). The Nehemiah narrative follows the Priestly and Holiness traditions by including an eighth day of “solemn assembly” to conclude the Festival of Booths (Nehemiah 8:18; compare Leviticus 23:36; Numbers 29:35–38). Furthermore, the Nehemiah account emphasizes the “joy” that characterizes the festival, thereby reflecting the disposition mandated in the Holiness and Deuteronomic codes (Nehemiah 8:12, 17b; compare Leviticus 23:40; Deuteronomy 16:14–15) ..."
Michael W. Duggan, “Hanukkah in 1 and 2 Maccabees: An Intertextual Reading,” in Intertextual Explorations in Deuterocanonical and Cognate Literature, ed. Jeremy Corley and Geoffrey David Miller (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2019), 172–201.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Deuteronomy 16:14 and Nehemiah 8:9

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library