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Nahum

About this book
Chapter 2

1 An enemy who will scatter you, Nineveh, has advanced against you! Guard the rampart! Watch the road! Prepare yourselves for battle! Muster your mighty strength! 2 For the Lord is about to restore the majesty of Jacob, as well as the majesty of Israel, though their enemies have plundered them and have destroyed their fields. 3 The shields of his warriors are dyed red; the mighty soldiers are dressed in scarlet garments. The chariots are in flashing metal fittings on the day of battle; the soldiers brandish their spears. 4 The chariots race madly through the streets, they rush back and forth in the broad plazas; they look like lightning bolts, they dash here and there like flashes of lightning. 5 The commander orders his officers; they stumble as they advance; they rush to the city wall, and they set up the covered siege tower. 6 The sluice gates are opened; the royal palace is deluged and dissolves. 7 Nineveh is taken into exile and is led away; her slave girls moan like doves while they beat their breasts. 8 Nineveh was like a pool of water throughout her days, but now her people are running away; she cries out: “Stop! Stop!”—but no one turns back. 9 Her conquerors cry out: “Plunder the silver! Plunder the gold!” There is no end to the treasure—riches of every kind of precious thing. 10 Destruction, devastation, and desolation! Hearts faint, knees tremble; every stomach churns, all their faces have turned pale!⁠ 11 Where now is the den of the lions and the feeding place of the young lions, where the lion, lioness, and lion cub once prowled and no one disturbed them? 12 The lion tore apart as much prey as his cubs needed and strangled prey for his lionesses; he filled his lairs with prey and his dens with torn flesh. 13 “I am against you!” declares the Lord of Heaven’s Armies: “I will burn your chariots with fire; the sword will devour your young lions. You will no longer prey upon the land; the voices of your messengers will no longer be heard.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Nahum 2:10 and LXX Nahum 2:11

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

The Hebrew version of Nahum, at Nineveh’s fall, says every face turns pale with fear. The Greek translator misunderstood the rare word for paleness as the word for pot, changing the image to the opposite color for darkness.

Passages

Nahum 2:10

Hebrew Bible
9 Her conquerors cry out: “Plunder the silver! Plunder the gold!” There is no end to the treasure—riches of every kind of precious thing. 10 Destruction, devastation, and desolation! Hearts faint, knees tremble; every stomach churns, all their faces have turned pale! 11 Where now is the den of the lions and the feeding place of the young lions, where the lion, lioness, and lion cub once prowled and no one disturbed them?
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Nahum

LXX Nahum 2:11

Septuagint
9 And as for Nineveh, her waters shall be as a pool of water: and they fled, and did not stay, and there was none to look back. 10 They plundered the silver, they plundered the gold, and there was no end of her adorning; they were loaded with it upon all her pleasant vessels. 11 There is thrusting forth, and shaking, and tumult, and heart-breaking, and loosing of knees, and pains in every lower back; and the faces of all are as the blackening of a pot.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Nahum

References

... The word χύτρα (’earthen pot’) is most common in the Twelve Prophets (Micah 3:3; Joel 2:6; Nahum 2:11) where it translates קלחת in Micah 3:3 and פארור in the others. Apart from Joel 2:6 and Nahum 2:11 פארור (with an א) occurs nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. Its meaning is uncertain and seven suggestions are noted in the Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, all on the basis of context in Joel 2:6 and Nahum 2:11: ’paleness’, ’darkness’, ’redness’, ’glow’, ’pot’ (as an alternative form of פרור), ’furrow (of face)’ and ’brightness’. It is possible that the translator read פארור as פרור (’cooking-pot’), and, since פרור is rare, we cannot discount the possibility that other passages where the word occurs may have informed his rendering ...
Myrto Theocharous, Lexical Dependence and Intertextual Allusion in the Septuagint of the Twelve Prophets: Studies in Hosea, Amos and Micah (London: T&T Clark, 2012), 64.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Nahum 2:10 and LXX Nahum 2:11

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