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Matthew

About this book
Chapter 9

1 After getting into a boat he crossed to the other side and came to his own town. 2 Just then some people brought to him a paralytic lying on a stretcher. When Jesus saw their faith, he said to the paralytic, “Have courage, son! Your sins are forgiven.” 3 Then some of the experts in the law said to themselves, “This man is blaspheming!” 4 When Jesus perceived their thoughts he said, “Why do you respond with evil in your hearts? 5 Which is easier, to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven’ or to say, ‘Stand up and walk’? 6 But so that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins”—then he said to the paralytic—“Stand up, take your stretcher, and go home.”⁠ 7 So he stood up and went home. 8 When the crowd saw this, they were afraid and honored God who had given such authority to men. 9 As Jesus went on from there, he saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax booth. “Follow me,” he said to him. So he got up and followed him. 10 As Jesus was having a meal in Matthew’s house, many tax collectors and sinners came and ate with Jesus and his disciples. 11 When the Pharisees saw this they said to his disciples, “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?” 12 When Jesus heard this he said, “Those who are healthy don’t need a physician, but those who are sick do. 13 Go and learn what this saying means: ‘I want mercy and not sacrifice.’ For I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners.”⁠ 14 Then John’s disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Why do we and the Pharisees fast often, but your disciples don’t fast?” 15 Jesus said to them, “The wedding guests cannot mourn while the bridegroom is with them, can they?⁠ But the days are coming when the bridegroom will be taken from them, and then they will fast. 16 No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on an old garment because the patch will pull away from the garment and the tear will be worse. 17 And no one pours new wine into old wineskins; otherwise the skins burst and the wine is spilled out and the skins are destroyed. Instead they put new wine into new wineskins and both are preserved.”⁠ 18 As he was saying these things, a leader came, bowed low before him, and said, “My daughter has just died, but come and lay your hand on her and she will live.” 19 Jesus and his disciples got up and followed him. 20 But a woman who had been suffering from a hemorrhage for 12 years came up behind him and touched the edge of his cloak.⁠ 21 For she kept saying to herself, “If only I touch his cloak, I will be healed.” 22 But when Jesus turned and saw her he said, “Have courage, daughter! Your faith has made you well.” And the woman was healed from that hour. 23 When Jesus entered the leader’s house and saw the flute players and the disorderly crowd, 24 he said, “Go away, for the girl is not dead but asleep!” And they began making fun of him. 25 But when the crowd had been forced outside, he went in and gently took her by the hand, and the girl got up. 26 And the news of this spread throughout that region. 27 As Jesus went on from there, two blind men began to follow him, shouting, “Have mercy on us, Son of David!” 28 When he went into the house, the blind men came to him. Jesus said to them, “Do you believe that I am able to do this?” They said to him, “Yes, Lord.” 29 Then he touched their eyes saying, “Let it be done for you according to your faith.” 30 And their eyes were opened. Then Jesus sternly warned them, “See that no one knows about this!” 31 But they went out and spread the news about him throughout that entire region. 32 As they were going away, a man who was demon-possessed and unable to speak was brought to him. 33 After the demon was cast out, the man who had been mute began to speak. The crowds were amazed and said, “Never has anything like this been seen in Israel!” 34 But the Pharisees said, “By the ruler of demons he casts out demons!”⁠ 35 Then Jesus went throughout all the towns and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the good news of the kingdom, and healing every kind of disease and sickness. 36 When he saw the crowds, he had compassion on them because they were bewildered and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd.⁠ 37 Then he said to his disciples, “The harvest is plentiful, but the workers are few.⁠ 38 Therefore ask the Lord of the harvest to send out workers into his harvest-ready fields.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Matthew 9:34 and Testament of Solomon 26

New Testament · Pseudepigrapha, Testaments

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Summary

In Matthew, Jesus is accused of partnering with the ruler of demons in order to command other spirits, reflecting a Jewish tradition that depicts a structured demonic hierarchy, found in texts such as the Testament of Solomon.

Passages

Matthew 9:34

New Testament
32 As they were going away, a man who was demon-possessed and unable to speak was brought to him. 33 After the demon was cast out, the man who had been mute began to speak. The crowds were amazed and said, “Never has anything like this been seen in Israel!” 34 But the Pharisees said, “By the ruler of demons he casts out demons!” 35 Then Jesus went throughout all the towns and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the good news of the kingdom, and healing every kind of disease and sickness.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

Testament of Solomon 26

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments
26 Next, I called again to have Beelzeboul, the prince of demons, stand before me. I seated him on a raised seat of honor and asked him, 'Why are you alone, the prince of demons?' He replied, 'Because I alone remained of the angels of heaven that came down. I was the first angel in the first heaven, known as Beelzeboul. And now I command all those who are bound in Tartarus. But I also have a child who haunts the Red Sea; whenever he has the opportunity, he comes up to me, being subject to me, and he informs me of what he has done, and I support him.'
100–900 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Testament of Solomon

References

"... By the turn of the Common Era, David had come to be associated with exorcism, as did, more notoriously, his son Solomon. Indeed, the reputation of Solomon as an exorcist appears to have been particularly well established. The incipit to the Testament of Solomon reads: “Testament of Solomon, Son of David, who reigned in Jerusalem, and subdued all the spirits of the air, of the earth, and under the earth.” The work goes on to provide a number of colourful accounts of Solomon subduing demons, constraining them, among other things, to work on the construction of the temple. Josephus also elaborates on Solomon’s exorcistic ability as well as its therapeutic consequences Given such a pronounced correlation between exorcism and Solomon, the Son of David, it is natural to suppose that this tradition underlies Matthew’s identification of Jesus as the Son of David. Twelftree, for instance, drawing on the evidence of the Testament of Solomon, claims that Matthew’s innovative use of the title came about because it was “the one available messianic title that had strong healing connotations.” Others have argued along similar lines. ..."
J. R. C. Cousland, The Crowds in the Gospel of Matthew, NovTSup 102 (Leiden: Brill, 2002), 185–186.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Matthew 9:34 and Testament of Solomon 26

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