Go to Related Reading
About this book

Matthew

About this book
Chapter 3

1 In those days John the Baptist came into the wilderness of Judea proclaiming, 2 “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near.” 3 For he is the one about whom the prophet Isaiah had spoken: “The voice of one shouting in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight.’” 4 Now John wore clothing made from camel’s hair with a leather belt around his waist,⁠ and his diet consisted of locusts and wild honey.⁠ 5 Then people from Jerusalem, as well as all Judea and all the region around the Jordan, were going out to him,⁠ 6 and he was baptizing them in the Jordan River as they confessed their sins. 7 But when he saw many Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, “You offspring of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? 8 Therefore produce fruit that proves your repentance, 9 and don’t think you can say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you that God can raise up children for Abraham from these stones! 10 Even now the ax is laid at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.⁠ 11 “I baptize you with water, for repentance, but the one coming after me is more powerful than I am—I am not worthy to carry his sandals! He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. 12 His winnowing fork is in his hand, and he will clean out his threshing floor and will gather his wheat into the storehouse, but the chaff he will burn up with inextinguishable fire!”⁠ 13 Then Jesus came from Galilee to John to be baptized by him in the Jordan River. 14 But John tried to prevent him, saying, “I need to be baptized by you, and yet you come to me?” 15 So Jesus replied to him, “Let it happen now, for it is right for us to fulfill all righteousness.”⁠ Then John yielded to him. 16 After Jesus was baptized, just as he was coming up out of the water, the heavens opened and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him.⁠ 17 And a voice from heaven said, “This is my one dear Son; in him I take great delight.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Matthew 3:15 and Gospel of Philip 10:2

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

Share:

Summary

The Gospel of Philip repeats Matthew's call to fulfill all righteousness at Jesus' baptism, placing it beside receiving resurrection before death. The familiar baptism saying supports Philip's claim that new life must be gained while a person is alive.

Passages

Matthew 3:15

New Testament
13 Then Jesus came from Galilee to John to be baptized by him in the Jordan River. 14 But John tried to prevent him, saying, “I need to be baptized by you, and yet you come to me?” 15 So Jesus replied to him, “Let it happen now, for it is right for us to fulfill all righteousness.” Then John yielded to him. 16 After Jesus was baptized, just as he was coming up out of the water, the heavens opened and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him. 17 And a voice from heaven said, “This is my one dear Son; in him I take great delight.”
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

Gospel of Philip 10:2

Nag Hammadi
[Jesus had to] descend into the [water, in order for] him to redeem himself. [...], namely those who have [been baptized] in his name, because he said: “[This is the way] we will perform all righteousness.” Those who say they will die first, and they will rise, are mistaken. If they do not first obtain the resurrection while they are alive, they will not obtain anything after they die. This is also how they talk about baptism, saying that baptism is something great, because if they obtain it, they will live. Philip the apostle said: “Joseph the carpenter planted a garden because he needed wood to carry out his trade.
180–250 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Philip

References

“... In keeping with this, there is significant quotation of canonical language. In a baptismal context as in Matthew, Jesus says, “[This is how] we are to fulfil all righteousness.” There is reference by Jesus to “my Father in heaven,” to “the outer darkness,” and the instruction: “Go inside into your chamber and close the door and pray to your Father who is in secret.” On the cross, Jesus in the Gospel of Philip utters a slight variation on the cry of dereliction: “My God, my God, why o Lord have you forsaken me?” As Watson has noted, this is an unusually “straight” repetition of a canonical saying: “The Gospel of Philip applies the cry of derelic- tion solely to the earthly event, not to any heavenly analogy.” As is evident here, Matthew is a clear influence. There is also Johannine language, however: “If you know the truth, the truth will set you free.” To that extent there is what one might call absorption of the ...”
Simon Gathercole, “Afterword: Reading Gospels with the Gospel of Philip,” in Gospel Reading and Reception in Early Christian Literature, ed. Madison N. Pierce, Andrew J. Byers, and Simon Gathercole (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022), 237.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Matthew 3:15 and Gospel of Philip 10:2

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library