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LXX Ruth

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 1

1 And when the judges ruled, there was a famine in the land: and a man went from Bethlehem Judah to stay in the land of Moab, he, and his wife, and his sons. 2 And the man's name was Abimelech, and his wife's name Naomi, and the names of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Bethlehem of Judah: and they came to the land of Moab, and remained there. 3 And Abimelech the husband of Naomi died; and she was left, and her two sons. 4 And they took to themselves wives, women of Moab; the name of the one was Orpah, and the name of the second Ruth; and they lived there about ten years. 5 And both Mahlon and Chilion died also; and the woman was left of her husband and her two sons. 6 And she rose up and her two daughters-in-law, and they returned out of the country of Moab, for they heard in the country of Moab that the Lord had visited his people to give them bread. 7 And she went forth out of the place where she was, and her two daughters-in-law with her: and they went by the way to return to the land of Judah. 8 And Naomi said to her daughters-in-law, Go now, return each to the house of her mother: the Lord deal mercifully with you, as you have dealt with the dead, and with me. 9 The Lord grant you that you may find rest each of you in the house of her husband: and she kissed them; and they lifted up their voice, and wept. 10 And they said to her, We will return with you to your people. 11 And Naomi said, Return now, my daughters; and why do you go with me? have I yet sons in my womb to be your husbands? 12 Turn now, my daughters, for I am too old to be married: for I said, Suppose I were married, and should bear sons;⁠ 13 would you wait for them till they should be grown? or would you refrain from being married for their sakes? Not so, my daughters; for I am grieved for you, that the hand of the Lord has gone forth against me. 14 And they lifted up their voice, and wept again; and Orpah kissed her mother-in-law and returned to her people; but Ruth followed her. 15 And Naomi said to Ruth, Look, your sister-in-law has returned to her people and to her gods;⁠ turn now you also after your sister-in-law. 16 And Ruth said, Do not urge me to leave you, or to return from following you; for wherever you go, I will go, and wherever you lodge, I will lodge; your people shall be my people, and your God my God. 17 And wherever you die, I will die, and there I will be buried: the Lord do so to me, and more also, for death only shall divide between me and you. 18 And Naomi seeing that she was determined to go with her, ceased to speak to her any more. 19 And they went both of them until they came to Bethlehem: and all the city rang with them, and they said, Is this Naomi? 20 And she said to them, No, do not call me Naomi; call me Bitter, for the Sufficient One has dealt very bitterly with me.⁠ 21 I went out full, and the Lord has brought me back empty: and why do you call me Naomi, whereas the Lord has humbled me and the Sufficient One has afflicted me? 22 So Naomi and Ruth the Moabite, her daughter-in-law, returned from the country of Moab; and they came to Bethlehem in the beginning of barley harvest.

Texts in conversation

Compare Ruth 1:12 and LXX Ruth 1:12

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

In the Hebrew version of Ruth, Naomi imagines marrying and having sons that very night. The Greek Septuagint removes the words that very night, toning down the blunt idea that she could take a husband and conceive at once.

Passages

Ruth 1:12

Hebrew Bible
11 But Naomi replied, “Go back home, my daughters! There is no reason for you to return to Judah with me. I am no longer capable of giving birth to sons who might become your husbands! 12 Go back home, my daughters! For I am too old to get married again. Even if I thought that there was hope that I could get married tonight and conceive sons, 13 surely you would not want to wait until they were old enough to marry. Surely you would not remain unmarried all that time! No, my daughters, you must not return with me. For my intense suffering is too much for you to bear. For the Lord is afflicting me!”
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Ruth

LXX Ruth 1:12

Septuagint
11 And Naomi said, Return now, my daughters; and why do you go with me? have I yet sons in my womb to be your husbands? 12 Turn now, my daughters, for I am too old to be married: for I said, Suppose I were married, and should bear sons; 13 would you wait for them till they should be grown? or would you refrain from being married for their sakes? Not so, my daughters; for I am grieved for you, that the hand of the Lord has gone forth against me.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Ruth

References

... Three small deletions remove from the text elements that perhaps could be regarded as scandalous (for details see De Waard, ‘Translation Techniques’, pp. 511–12; Bons, ‘Septuaginta-Version’, pp. 213–15). Thus, no equivalent is given in Ruth 1:12 for הלילה ‘[still] in [that] night’, in the testimony that Naomi could have sons by any man. In 3:7 it is not stated Boaz had been drinking, in case he be accused of acting irresponsibly as a result of alcohol consumption. Furthermore, the translation at 3:7 is silent on whether Ruth ‘lay down’ or not—suspicion is avoided that Ruth provoked a sexual encounter with Boaz. ...
Eberhard Bons, “Ruth,” in The T&T Clark Companion to the Septuagint, ed. James K. Aitken, Bloomsbury Companions (London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015), 124.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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