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LXX Psalms

Septuagint

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Psalm 78

1 A Psalm for Asaph. God, the pagan nations have come into your inheritance; they have polluted your holy temple; they have made Jerusalem a storehouse of fruits. 2 They have given the dead bodies of your servants to be food for the birds of the sky, the flesh of your holy ones for the wild beasts of the earth. 3 They have shed their blood as water, all around Jerusalem; and there was none to bury them. 4 We have become a reproach to our neighbors, a scorn and derision to those who are all around us. 5 How long, Lord? will you be angry for ever? shall your jealousy burn like fire? 6 Pour out your fierce anger upon the pagan nations that have not known you, and upon the kingdoms which have not called upon your name. 7 For they have devoured Jacob, and laid his place waste. 8 Do not remember our old transgressions; let your tender mercies speedily overtake us;⁠ for we are greatly impoverished. 9 Help us, God our Savior; for the glory of your name, Lord, deliver us; and be merciful to our sins, for your name's sake. 10 For fear that perhaps they should say among the pagan nations, Where is their God? and let the avenging of your servants' blood that has been shed be known among the pagan nations before our eyes. 11 Let the groaning of the prisoners come in before you; according to the greatness of your arm preserve the sons of those killed. 12 Repay to our neighbors sevenfold into their bosom their reproach, with which they have reproached you, Lord. 13 For we are your people and the sheep of your pasture; we will give you thanks for ever; we will declare your praise throughout all generations.

Texts in conversation

Compare 3 Maccabees 2:20 and LXX Psalms 78:8

Deuterocanon · Septuagint

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Summary

Psalm 79 asks God to let his compassion quickly overtake a people whose temple has been defiled. Simon’s prayer in 3 Maccabees repeats this prayer as he begs God to act quickly against an invading king.

Passages

3 Maccabees 2:20

Deuterocanon
19 Blot out our iniquities, do away with our errors, and show your compassion in this hour. 20 Let your mercies quickly go before us. Grant us peace, that the downcast and broken hearted may praise you with their mouth.” 21 At that time God, who sees all things, who is beyond all Holy among the holy, heard that prayer, so suitable, and scourged the man who was greatly uplifted with scorn and insolence.
100 BCE – 70 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 Maccabees

LXX Psalms 78:8

Septuagint
7 For they have devoured Jacob, and laid his place waste. 8 Do not remember our old transgressions; let your tender mercies speedily overtake us; for we are greatly impoverished. 9 Help us, God our Savior; for the glory of your name, Lord, deliver us; and be merciful to our sins, for your name's sake.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Psalms

References

... One more biblical citation warrants exploration. 3 Maccabees 2:20, the last verse of the prayer, reads: 'Let your compassion speedily overtake us and put praises in the mouth of those who are downcast and crushed in spirit, granting us peace.' The first clause of this verse is a direct citation taken from Psalm 78:8 (the Masoretic Text Psalm 79:8) ... The clause occurs nowhere else in the Bible. Given the careful interpretive reference made to the Temple dedication prayer and its context, the citation from this particular psalm is surely not accidental. The larger context of this quote from Psalm 78 should be mentioned because the subject of the psalm as a whole is a request for divine intervention in the face of the desecration of the Temple in Jerusalem. The theme corresponds to the situation that has given rise to Simon's prayer in 3 Maccabees 2. ...
Judith H. Newman, Praying by the Book: The Scripturalization of Prayer in Second Temple Judaism, EJL 14 (Atlanta: SBL, 1999), 196–197.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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3 Maccabees 2:20 and LXX Psalms 78:8

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