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LXX Proverbs

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 8

1 You shall proclaim wisdom, that understanding may be obedient to you. 2 For she is on lofty eminences, and stands in the midst of the ways. 3 For she sits by the gates of princes, and sings in the entrances, saying, 4 You, men, I exhort; and utter my voice to the sons of men. 5 you simple, understand subtlety, and you that are untaught, lay it to heart.⁠ 6 Listen to me; for I will speak solemn truths; and will produce right sayings from my lips. 7 For my throat shall meditate truth; and false lips are an abomination before me. 8 All the words of my mouth are in righteousness; there is nothing in them wrong or perverse. 9 They are all evident to those that understand, and right to those that find knowledge. 10 Receive instruction, and not silver; and knowledge rather than tried gold; and choose discernment rather than pure gold. 11 For wisdom is better than precious stones; and no valuable substance is of equal worth with it. 12 I wisdom have lived with counsel and knowledge, and I have called upon understanding. 13 The fear of the Lord hates unrighteousness, and insolence, and pride, and the ways of wicked men; and I hate the perverse ways of bad men. 14 Counsel and safety are mine; prudence is mine, and strength is mine. 15 By me kings reign, and princes decree justice. 16 By me nobles become great, and monarchs by me rule over the earth. 17 I love those that love me; and they that seek me shall find me. 18 Wealth and glory belong to me; yes, abundant possessions and righteousness. 19 It is better to have my fruit than to have gold and precious stones; and my produce is better than choice silver. 20 I walk in ways of righteousness, and am conversant with the paths of judgment; 21 that I may divide substance to those who love me, and may fill their treasures with good things. 21a If I declare to you the things that daily happen, I will remember also to recount the things of old. 22 The Lord made me the beginning of his ways for his works. 23 He established me before time was in the beginning, 24 before he made the earth, and before he made the depths; before the fountains of water came forth: 25 before the mountains were settled, and before all hills, he⁠ begets me.⁠ 26 The Lord made countries and uninhabited tracts, and the highest inhabited parts of the world. 27 When he prepared the heaven, I was present with him; and when he prepared his throne upon the winds: 28 and when he strengthened the clouds above; and when he secured the fountains of the earth: 29 and when he strengthened the foundations of the earth: 30 I was by him, suiting myself to him, I was that in which he took delight; and daily I rejoiced in his presence continually. 31 For he rejoiced when he had completed the world, and rejoiced among the children of men. 32 Now then, my son, hear me. 33  34 Blessed is the man who shall listen to me, and the mortal who shall keep my ways; watching daily at my doors, waiting at the posts of my entrances. 35 For my outgoings are the outgoings of life, and in them is prepared favor from the Lord. 36 But they that sin against me act wickedly against their own souls: and they that hate me love death.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Proverbs 8:25 and Athanasius, Discourse Against the Arians 2 60:1

Septuagint · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Athanasius uses the Greek Septuagint version of Proverbs 8:25 to argue that Jesus is "eternally begotten" and not created. This reading is only possible in the Greek version and not the original Hebrew version.

Passages

LXX Proverbs 8:25

Septuagint
23 He established me before time was in the beginning, 24 before he made the earth, and before he made the depths; before the fountains of water came forth: 25 before the mountains were settled, and before all hills, he begets me. 26 The Lord made countries and uninhabited tracts, and the highest inhabited parts of the world.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Proverbs

Athanasius, Discourse Against the Arians 2 60:1

Early Christian
And the Lord Himself shows even in the Proverbs that creature and offspring are not the same, but differ from each other in nature and in the meaning of the words. For having said, 'The Lord created me a beginning of His ways,' He has added, 'But before all the hills He begot me.' If, then, the Word were a creature by nature and in His Essence, and there were no difference between offspring and creature, He would not have added, 'He begot me,' but would have been content with 'He created,' as if that term implied 'He begot.' But as it is, after saying, 'He created me a beginning of His ways for His works,' He has added not simply 'begot me,' but with the connecting conjunction 'But,' as if guarding the term 'created' by it, when He says, 'But before all the hills He begot me.' For 'begot me,' following so closely on 'created me,' makes the meaning one, and shows that 'created' is said with a purpose, but that 'begot me' comes before 'created me.' For just as, if He had said the reverse — 'The Lord begot me,' and gone on, 'But before the hills He created me' — 'created' would certainly come before 'begot,' so, having said 'created' first and then added 'But before all the hills He begot me,' He necessarily shows that 'begot' came before 'created.' For in saying, 'Before all He begot me,' He indicates that He is other than all things, since it was shown to be true in an earlier part of this book that no one creature was made before another, but all originated things came into existence at once together at one and the same command. Therefore the words that follow 'created' do not also follow 'begot me'; but in the case of 'created,' 'beginning of ways' is added, while of 'begot me' He does not say, 'He begot me as a beginning,' but 'before all He begot me.' But He who is before all is not a beginning of all, but is other than all; and if He is other than all (in which 'all' the beginning of all is included), it follows that He is other than the creatures; and it becomes clear that the Word, being other than all things and before all, is afterward created 'a beginning of the ways for works,' because He became man, so that, as the Apostle has said, He who is the 'Beginning' and 'Firstborn from the dead' 'might have first place in all things.'

References

… Athanasius reads two verses together: 8.22: ‘the Lord created me as a beginning of his ways for his works.’ 8.25: ‘But before all the hills, he begets me.’ The first verse, with its explanatory clause explaining the reason ‘as a beginning…’, refers to the Lord becoming incarnate as part of the divine economy of salvation. Verse 25, speaking directly and simply of the Lord, identifies his eternal begetting from the Father (Against the Arians 2.60). Athanasius presents the precise logic of this language as reflecting the overall pattern of scriptural speech. The use of ‘but’ at the beginning of verse 25, for instance, is there to highlight the contrast between creating and begetting. …
Lewis Ayres, “Scripture in the Trinitarian Controversies,” in The Oxford Handbook of Early Christian Biblical Interpretation, ed. Paul M. Blowers and Peter W. Martens (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019), 444–445.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Proverbs 8:25 and Athanasius, Discourse Against the Arians 2 60:1

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