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LXX Numbers

Septuagint

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Chapter 33

1 And these are the stages of the children of Israel, as they went out from the land of Egypt with their host by the hand of Moses and Aaron. 2 And Moses wrote their removals and their stages, by the word of the Lord: and these are the stages of their journeying. 3 They departed from Rameses in the first month, on the fifteenth day of the first month; on the day after the passover the children of Israel went forth with a high hand before all the Egyptians. 4 And the Egyptians buried those that died of them, even all that the Lord struck, every firstborn in the land of Egypt; also the Lord executed vengeance on their gods. 5 And the children of Israel departed from Rameses, and encamped in Sukkoth: 6 and they departed from Sukkoth and encamped in Buthan, which is a part of the wilderness. 7 And they departed from Buthan and encamped at the mouth of Hahiroth, which is opposite Baal Zephon, and encamped opposite Migdol. 8 And they departed from before Hahiroth, and crossed the middle of the sea into the wilderness; and they went a journey of three days through the wilderness, and encamped in Picriae. 9 And they departed from Picriae, and came to Elim; and in Elim were twelve fountains of water, and seventy palm-trees, and they encamped there by the water. 10 And they departed from Elim, and encamped by the Red Sea. 11 And they departed from the Red Sea, and encamped in the wilderness of Sin. 12 And they departed from the wilderness of Sin, and encamped in Raphaca. 13 And they departed from Raphaca, and encamped in Alush. 14 And they departed from Alush, and encamped in Rephidim; and there was no water there for the people to drink. 15 And they departed from Rephidim, and encamped in the wilderness of Sinai. 16 And they departed from the wilderness of Sinai, and encamped at the Graves of Lust. 17 And they departed from the Graves of Lust, and encamped in Hazeroth. 18 And they departed from Hazeroth, and encamped in Rithmah. 19 And they departed from Rithmah, and encamped in Rimmon Perez. 20 And they departed from Rimmon Perez, and encamped in Libnah. 21 And they departed from Libnah, and encamped in Dessa. 22 And they departed from Dessa, and encamped in Kehelathah. 23 And they departed from Kehelathah, and encamped in Shepher. 24 And they departed from Shepher, and encamped in Haradah. 25 And they departed from Haradah, and encamped in Makheloth. 26 And they departed from Makheloth, and encamped in Kataath. 27 And they departed from Kataath, and encamped in Terah. 28 And they departed from Terah, and encamped in Mithcah. 29 And they departed from Mithcah, and encamped in Zalmonah. 30 And they departed from Zalmonah, and encamped in Moseroth. 31 And they departed from Moseroth, and encamped in Bene Jaakan. 32 And they departed from Bene Jaakan, and encamped in the mountain Gidgad. 33 And they departed from the mountain Gidgad, and encamped in Jotbathah. 34 And they departed from Jotbathah, and encamped in Abronah. 35 And they departed from Abronah, and encamped in Ezion Geber. 36 And they departed from Ezion Geber, and encamped in the wilderness of Sin; and they departed from the wilderness of Sin, and encamped in the wilderness of Paran; this is Kadesh. 37 And they departed from Kadesh, and encamped in mount Or near the land of Edom. 38 And Aaron the priest went up by the command of the Lord, and died there in the fortieth year of the departure of the children of Israel from the land of Egypt, in the fifth month, on the first day of the month. 39 And Aaron was one hundred and twenty-three years old, when he died in mount Or. 40 And Arad the Canaanite king (he too lived in the land of Canaan) having heard when the children of Israel were entering the land; 41 then they departed from mount Or, and encamped in Zalmonah. 42 And they departed from Zalmonah, and encamped in Punon. 43 And they departed from Punon, and encamped in Oboth. 44 And they departed from Oboth, and encamped in Gai, on the other side on the borders of Moab. 45 And they departed from Gai, and encamped in Dibon Gad. 46 And they departed from Dibon Gad, and encamped in Almon Diblathaim. 47 And they departed from Almon Diblathaim, and encamped on the mountains of Abarim, over against Nebo. 48 And they departed from the mountains of Abarim, and encamped on the west of Moab, at Jordan by Jericho. 49 And they encamped by Jordan between Beth Jeshimoth, as far as Abel Shittim to the west of Moab. 50 And the Lord spoke to Moses at the west of Moab by Jordan at Jericho, saying, 51 Speak to the children of Israel, and you shall say to them, You are to pass over Jordan into the land of Canaan. 52 And you shall destroy all that dwell in the land before your face, and you shall abolish their high places, and all their molten images you shall destroy, and you shall demolish all their pillars. 53 And you shall destroy all the inhabitants of the land, and you shall dwell in it, for I have given their land to you for an inheritance. 54 And you shall inherit their land by lot according to your tribes; to the greater number you shall give the larger possession, and to the smaller you shall give the less possession; to whatever part a man's name shall go forth by lot, there shall be his property: you shall inherit according to the tribes of your families. 55 But if you will not destroy the dwellers in the land from before you, then it will happen that whoever of them you shall leave shall be thorns in your eyes, and darts in your sides,⁠ and they shall be enemies to you on the land on which you shall dwell; 56 and it will happen that as I had determined to do to them, so I will do to you.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Numbers 33:55 and 2 Corinthians 12:7

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

In Numbers 33, God warns that the unconquered Canaanites will become thorns in Israel’s eyes. Paul echoes this language in 2 Corinthians 12, saying a thorn in the flesh was given to him as a messenger of Satan.

Passages

LXX Numbers 33:55

Septuagint
54 And you shall inherit their land by lot according to your tribes; to the greater number you shall give the larger possession, and to the smaller you shall give the less possession; to whatever part a man's name shall go forth by lot, there shall be his property: you shall inherit according to the tribes of your families. 55 But if you will not destroy the dwellers in the land from before you, then it will happen that whoever of them you shall leave shall be thorns in your eyes, and darts in your sides, and they shall be enemies to you on the land on which you shall dwell; 56 and it will happen that as I had determined to do to them, so I will do to you.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Numbers

2 Corinthians 12:7

New Testament
6 For even if I wish to boast, I will not be a fool, for I would be telling the truth, but I refrain from this so that no one may regard me beyond what he sees in me or what he hears from me, 7 even because of the extraordinary character of the revelations. Therefore, so that I would not become arrogant, a thorn in the flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan to trouble me—so that I would not become arrogant. 8 I asked the Lord three times about this, that it would depart from me.
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Corinthians

References

“... 12:7 A: A thorn for the flesh was given to me. skolops = sharp stake, thorn, barb, a metaphorical term for something that causes pain in any way. 1. Numbers 33:55: ‘If you do not drive out the inhabitants of the land before you, what you leave of them will become thorns sikkim (the Septuagint: skolopes) in your eyes and barbs tseninim (the Septuagint: bolides) in your sides, and they will oppress you in the land in which you dwell.’ — The targumim avoided the image. Onkelos: ‘It will happen that those whom you leave will become hordes that will seize weapons against you, and army camps that will encircle you.’ — Yerušalmi I: ‘It will happen that what you leave will become like those who look at you with an envious eye sakhyain (interpretation of sikkim) and will surround you like shields at your sides.’ — Yet ʿArukh knows of a different reading: ‘They will become thorns sikkin in your eyes.’ — Pesiqta 112A: R. Samuel b. Nahman (about 260) opened his presentation with the following, ‘ “If you do not drive out the inhabitants of the land before you” (Numbers 33:55) ...”
Hermann L. Strack and Paul Billerbeck, A Commentary on the New Testament from the Talmud and Midrash, Volume 3: Romans through Revelation (Bellingham, WA: Lexham, 2023), 1073.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Numbers 33:55 and 2 Corinthians 12:7

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