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LXX Malachi

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 2

1 And now, priests, this commandment is to you. 2 If you will not listen, and if you will not lay it to heart, to give glory to my name, says the Lord Almighty, then I will send forth the curse upon you, and I will bring a curse upon your blessing: yes, I will curse it, and I will scatter your blessing, and it shall not exist among you, because you do not lay this to heart. 3 Look, I separate the shoulder from you,⁠ and I will scatter dung upon your faces, the dung of your feasts, and I will carry you away at the same time. 4 And you shall know that I have sent this commandment to you, that my covenant might be with the sons of Levi, says the Lord Almighty. 5 My covenant of life and peace was with him, and I gave it to him that he might reverently fear me, and that he might be awe-struck at my name. 6 The law of truth was in his mouth, and iniquity was not found in his lips: he walked with me directing his way in peace, and he turned many from unrighteousness. 7 For the priest's lips should keep knowledge, and they should seek the law at his mouth: for he is the messenger of the Lord Almighty. 8 But you have turned aside from the way, and caused many to fail in following the law: you have corrupted the covenant of Levi, says the Lord Almighty. 9 And I have made you despised and cast out among all the nations, because you have not kept my ways, but have been partial in the law. 10 Did not one God create you? Have you not all one father? why have you forsaken every man his brother, to profane the covenant of your fathers? 11 Judah has been forsaken, and an abomination has been committed in Israel and in Jerusalem; for Judah has profaned the holy things of the Lord, which he delighted in, and has gone after other gods. 12 The Lord will utterly destroy the man that does these things, until he is even cast down from out of the tabernacles of Jacob, and from among those who offer sacrifice to the Lord Almighty. 13 And these things which I hated, you did: you covered with tears the altar of the Lord, and with weeping and groaning because of troubles: is it fitting for me to have respect to your sacrifice, or to receive anything from your hands as welcome? 14 Yet you said, Why? Because the Lord has borne witness between you and the wife of your youth, whom you have forsaken, and yet she was your partner, and the wife of your covenant. 15 And no other has done it; and there was the residue of his spirit.⁠ But you said, What does God seek but a seed? But take heed to your spirit, and do not forsake the wife of your youth. 16 But if you should hate your wife and put her away,⁠ says the Lord God of Israel, then ungodliness shall cover your thoughts, says the Lord Almighty: therefore take heed to your spirit, and do not forsake them, 17 you that have provoked God with your words. But you said, In what way have we provoked him? In that you say, Every one that does evil is a pleasing object in the sight of the Lord, and he takes pleasure in such; and where is the God of justice?

Texts in conversation

Compare Malachi 2:16 and LXX Malachi 2:16

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

The Hebrew version of Malachi has God announce, ‘I hate divorce.’ The Greek Septuagint interprets this as a condition about a man who divorces out of hatred, with the Greek text allowing divorce rather than condemning it.

Passages

Malachi 2:16

Hebrew Bible
15 No one who has even a small portion of the Spirit in him does this. What did our ancestor do when seeking a child from God? Be attentive, then, to your own spirit, for one should not be disloyal to the wife he took in his youth. 16 “I hate divorce,” says the Lord God of Israel, “and the one who is guilty of violence,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. “Pay attention to your conscience, and do not be unfaithful.” 17 You have wearied the Lord with your words. But you say, “How have we wearied him?” Because you say, “Everyone who does evil is good in the Lord’s opinion, and he delights in them,” or, “Where is the God of justice?”
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Malachi

LXX Malachi 2:16

Septuagint
14 Yet you said, Why? Because the Lord has borne witness between you and the wife of your youth, whom you have forsaken, and yet she was your partner, and the wife of your covenant. 15 And no other has done it; and there was the residue of his spirit. But you said, What does God seek but a seed? But take heed to your spirit, and do not forsake the wife of your youth. 16 But if you should hate your wife and put her away, says the Lord God of Israel, then ungodliness shall cover your thoughts, says the Lord Almighty: therefore take heed to your spirit, and do not forsake them,
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Malachi

References

"... The phrase in Malachi 2:16, כי שנא שלח, is translated in the Septuagint: ἀλλὰ ἐὰν μισήσας ἐξαποστείλῃς, or, literally, 'but if hating her you send her away'—as in the Minor Prophets Scroll. Thus the Alexandrian interpreters accepted the legal presuppositions of Deuteronomy 24:1–3. However, they also duly rendered Malachi's disapproval of 'hate divorce:' καὶ καλύψει ἀσέβεια ἐπὶ τὰ ἐνδύματά σου, 'and he will cover with impiety (on) your clothes.' ..."
Peter J. Tomson, Divorce Halakhah in Paul and the Jesus Tradition, ed. Reimund Bieringer et al. (Leiden: Brill, 2010), 305.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Malachi 2:16 and LXX Malachi 2:16

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