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LXX Jonah

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 2

1 Now the Lord had commanded a great sea monster to swallow up Jonah: and Jonah was in the belly of the sea monster three days and three nights. 2 And Jonah prayed to the Lord his God out of the belly of the sea monster,⁠ 3 and said, I cried in my affliction to the Lord my God, and he listened to me, even to my cry out of the belly of hell: you heard my voice. 4 You cast me into the depths of the heart of the sea, and the floods surrounded me: all your billows and your waves have passed upon me. 5 And I said, I am cast out of your presence: shall I indeed look again toward your holy temple?⁠ 6 Water was poured around me to the soul: the lowest deep surrounded me, my head went down to the clefts of the mountains; 7 I went down into the earth, whose bars are the everlasting barriers: yet, Lord my God, let my ruined life rise up.⁠ 8 When my soul was failing me, I remembered the Lord; and may my prayer come to you into your holy temple. 9 They that observe vanities and lies have forsaken their own mercy.⁠ 10 But I will sacrifice to you with the voice of praise and thanksgiving: all that I have vowed I will pay to you, the Lord of my salvation.⁠ 11 And the sea monster was commanded, and it cast up Jonah on the dry land.

Texts in conversation

Compare Jonah 2:9 and LXX Jonah 2:10

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

In the Hebrew version of Jonah, the prayer ends with a declaration that rescue belongs to God alone. The Greek Septuagint translators read the same words as part of Jonah’s vow, so a statement about God becomes a promise about what Jonah will do.

Passages

Jonah 2:9

Hebrew Bible
8 Those who worship worthless idols forfeit the mercy that could be theirs. 9 But as for me, I promise to offer a sacrifice to you with a public declaration of praise; I will surely do what I have promised. Salvation belongs to the Lord!” 10 Then the Lord commanded the fish and it vomited Jonah out onto dry land.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonah

LXX Jonah 2:10

Septuagint
9 They that observe vanities and lies have forsaken their own mercy. 10 But I will sacrifice to you with the voice of praise and thanksgiving: all that I have vowed I will pay to you, the Lord of my salvation. 11 And the sea monster was commanded, and it cast up Jonah on the dry land.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Jonah

References

“... The last example is in vs 10b. Two changes are made here. First, καὶ ἐξομολογήσεως (“and of thanksgiving”) is inserted after αἰνέσεως (“of praise”) creating the hendiadys αἰνέσεως καὶ ἐξομολογήσεως which commonly occurs in the Greek Psalter. Its addition does not substantially alter the meaning, but adds a pious note to Jonah’s affirmation. The second change is more dramatic. In the Masoretic Text the last two words of the Psalm are a nominal clause pronouncing that “salvation belongs to Yahweh” (יְשׁוּעָתָה לַיהוָה). The translator apparently did not observe this syntactical relationship and has made τῷ κυρίῳ (לַיהוָה) the indirect object of ἀποδώσω (אֲשַׁלֵּמָה “I will pay”) and (יְשׁוּעָתָה) an adverbial modifier: ὅσα ηὐξάμην ἀποδώσω εἰς σωτηρίαν μου τῷ κυρίῳ = “What I have vowed, I will repay for my salvation to the Lord.” In the Septuagint version, Jonah promises that he will obey the Lord because he now realizes that such obedience is the only route through which rescue will be achieved. A theological dictum is transformed into the personal promise of Jonah to the Lord and the basis for his hope. Jonah realizes (in verse 9) that “those who preserve vain things and deceits lose their mercy.” ...”
Larry J. Perkins, The Septuagint of Jonah: Aspects of Literary Analysis Applied to Biblical Translation (International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies, 1987), 50.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jonah 2:9 and LXX Jonah 2:10

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