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LXX Job

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 9

1 Then Job answered and said, 2 I know truly that it is so: for how shall a mortal man be just before the Lord? 3 For if he would enter into judgment with him, God would not listen to him, so that he should not answer to one of his charges of a thousand. 4 For he is wise in mind, and mighty, and great: who has hardened himself against him and endured? 5 Who wears out the mountains, and men do not know it: who overturns them in anger. 6 Who shakes the earth under heaven from its foundations, and its pillars totter. 7 Who commands the sun, and it does not rise; and he seals up the stars. 8 Who alone has stretched out the heavens, and walks on the sea as on firm ground.⁠ 9 Who makes the Pleiades, and Hesperus, and Arcturus,⁠ and the chambers of the south. 10 Who does great and unsearchable things; glorious also and excellent things, innumerable. 11 If ever he should go beyond me, I shall not see him: if he should pass by me, neither thus have I known it. 12 If he would take away, who shall turn him back? or who shall say to him, What have you done? 13 For he has turned away his anger; the sea monsters under heaven have stooped under him. 14 Oh then that he would listen to me, or judge my cause. 15 For though I be righteous, he will not listen to me: I will plead for his judgment. 16 And if I should call and he should listen, I can’t believe that he has listened to my voice. 17 Let him not crush me with a dark storm: but he has made my bruises many without cause. 18 For he does not allow me to take breath, but he has filled me with bitterness. 19 For indeed he is strong in power: who then shall resist his judgment? 20 For though I should seem righteous, my mouth will be profane: and though I should seem blameless, I shall be proved perverse. 21 For even if I have sinned, I do not know it in my soul: but my life is taken away. 22 Therefore I said, Fierce anger kills the great and mighty man. 23 For the worthless die an extraordinary death, but the righteous are laughed to scorn. 24 For they are delivered into the hands of the unrighteous man: he covers the faces of the judges of the earth: but if it is not he, who is it? 25 But my life is swifter than a runner: my days have fled away, and they did not know it. 26 Or again, is there a trace of their path left by ships? or is there one of the flying eagle as it seeks its prey? 27 And if I should say, I will forget to speak, I will bow down my face and groan; 28 I quake in all my limbs, for I know that you will not leave me alone as innocent. 29 But since I am ungodly, why have I not died? 30 For if I should wash myself with snow, and purge myself with pure hands, 31 you had thoroughly plunged me in filth, and my garment had abhorred me. 32 For you are not man like me, with whom I could contend, that we might come together to judgment. 33 If only he our mediator were present, and a reprover, and one who should hear the cause between both. 34 Let him remove his rod from me, and let not his fear terrify me: 35 so I will not be afraid, but I will speak: for I am not thus conscious of guilt.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Job 9:8 and Mark 6:45

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

Mark 6 depicts Jesus walking on the water, which may draw on Job, which describes God stretching out the heavens and walking on the sea, an ancient Near Eastern tradition originally connected to defeating the primordial, chaotic waters.

Passages

LXX Job 9:8

Septuagint
5 Who wears out the mountains, and men do not know it: who overturns them in anger. 6 Who shakes the earth under heaven from its foundations, and its pillars totter. 7 Who commands the sun, and it does not rise; and he seals up the stars. 8 Who alone has stretched out the heavens, and walks on the sea as on firm ground. 9 Who makes the Pleiades, and Hesperus, and Arcturus, and the chambers of the south. 10 Who does great and unsearchable things; glorious also and excellent things, innumerable.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Job

Mark 6:45

New Testament
45 Immediately Jesus made his disciples get into the boat and go on ahead to the other side, to Bethsaida, while he dispersed the crowd. 46 After saying goodbye to them, he went to the mountain to pray. 47 When evening came, the boat was in the middle of the sea and he was alone on the land. 48 He saw them straining at the oars because the wind was against them. As the night was ending, he came to them walking on the sea, for he wanted to pass by them. 49 When they saw him walking on the water they thought he was a ghost. They cried out, 50 for they all saw him and were terrified. But immediately he spoke to them: “Have courage! It is I. Do not be afraid.”
60–75 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Mark

References

"... There is, however, at least one Old Testament passage that paints a picture prefiguring Mark’s sea-walking story: a doxological passage in Job, portraying God as sovereign over all creation, acclaims him as the one “who alone stretched out the heavens and trampled the waves of the sea” (Job 9:8). In its original context, this text was probably meant as another reference to God’s subduing the primordial watery chaos; but the LXX offers a rendering of Job 9:8 that may be of considerable importance for understanding Mark 6:45-52 ... If Mark had Job 9 in mind, it would help to explain another notoriously puzzling feature of the water-walking tale. In Mark’s telling of the story, when Jesus comes walking on the sea, the narrator comments cryptically, “He intended to pass them by” ... If we recognize the allusion to Job 9, however, we may glimpse a far more illuminating reading. Thus, in Job 9 the image of God’s walking on the sea is linked with a confession of God’s mysterious transcendence of human comprehension ..."
Richard B. Hays, Echoes of Scripture in the Gospels (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2016), 97.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Job 9:8 and Mark 6:45

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