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LXX Isaiah

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 58

1 Cry aloud, and do not spare; lift up your voice as with a trumpet, and declare to my people their sins, and to the house of Jacob their iniquities. 2 They seek me day by day, and desire to know my ways, as a people that had done righteousness, and had not forsaken the judgment of their God: they now ask of me righteous judgment, and desire to draw near to God, 3 saying, Why have we fasted, and you did not see? why have we afflicted our souls, and you did not know it? For in the days of your fasts you find your pleasures, and all those who are under your power you wound. 4 If you fast for quarrels and strifes, and strike the lowly with your fists, why do you fast to me as you do this day, so that your voice may be heard in crying? 5 I have not chosen this fast, nor such a day for a man to afflict his soul; neither though you should bend down your neck as a ring, and spread under you sackcloth and ashes, neither thus shall you call a fast acceptable.⁠ 6 I have not chosen such a fast, says the Lord; but loose every burden of iniquity, untie the knots of hard bargains, set the bruised free, and cancel every unjust account. 7 Break your bread to the hungry, and lead the unsheltered poor to your house: if you see one naked, clothe him, and you shall not disregard the relations of your own seed. 8 Then shall your light break forth as the morning, and your health shall speedily spring forth: and your righteousness shall go before you, and the glory of God shall surround you. 9 Then you will cry, and God shall listen to you; while you are yet speaking he will say, Look, I am here. If you remove from you the band, and the stretching forth of the hands, and murmuring speech; 10 and if you give bread to the hungry from your heart, and satisfy the afflicted soul; then shall your light spring up in darkness, and your darkness shall be as noon-day: 11 and your God shall be with you continually, and you shall be satisfied according as your soul desires; and your bones shall be made fat, and you shall be as a well-watered garden, and as a fountain from which the water has not failed; and your bones shall spring up as grass, and shall be made fat, and they shall inherit generations of generations. 12 And your old waste desert places shall be built up, and your foundations shall last through all generations; and you shall be called a repairer of breaches, and you shall cause your paths between to be in peace. 13 If you turn away your foot from the sabbath, so as not to do your pleasure on the holy days, and shall call the sabbaths delightful,⁠ holy to your God; if you shall not lift up your foot to work, nor speak a word in anger out of your mouth, 14 then you will trust on the Lord; and he shall bring you up to the good places of the land, and feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father: for the mouth of the Lord has spoken this.

Texts in conversation

The Two Passages of Isaiah Behind Jesus' Sermon

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

In Luke, Jesus draws on Isaiah 58 and 61, blending their language to emphasize release for the oppressed. These are the only places in the Hebrew Bible to use the phrase “the Lord’s favor,” and both focus on easing burdens and freeing captives.

Passages

LXX Isaiah 58:6

Septuagint
5 I have not chosen this fast, nor such a day for a man to afflict his soul; neither though you should bend down your neck as a ring, and spread under you sackcloth and ashes, neither thus shall you call a fast acceptable. 6 I have not chosen such a fast, says the Lord; but loose every burden of iniquity, untie the knots of hard bargains, set the bruised free, and cancel every unjust account.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

LXX Isaiah 61:1

Septuagint
1 The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me; he has sent me to preach glad news to the poor, to heal the broken in heart, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and recovery of sight to the blind; 2 to declare the acceptable year of the Lord, and the day of retribution; to comfort all that mourn;
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

Luke 4:18

New Testament
17 and the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him. He unrolled the scroll and found the place where it was written, 18 “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to proclaim good news to the poor. He has sent me to proclaim release to the captives and the regaining of sight to the blind, to set free those who are oppressed, 19 to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor.”
75–85 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Luke

References

"... Luke’s record of Jesus’ citation from Isaiah 61:1-2 clearly does not follow the Hebrew Bible. The common scholarly assumption that Luke has drawn his biblical passages from the LXX obscures the exegetical ingenuity evident in the account. Further, as we noted, the report’s preservation of non-Septuagintal Hebraisms belies the simplistic explanation that the variants upon the Masoretic tradition resulted from the Evangelist’s dependence on the LXX ... scant attention has been given to a rare Hebrew verbal link between the two Isaianic passages. There are only two places in the entirety of the Hebrew Bible where the phrase “the Lord’s favor” occurs, Isaiah 61:2 and 58:5 - precisely the contexts from which Jesus drew his reading for our pericope. The Lukan narrative provides an example of Jesus’ adept use of gezerah shavah, a hermeneutical approach first associated with Hillel the Elder and described to be one of his seven exegetical rules ..."
R. Steven Notley and Jeffrey P. Garcia, “The Hebrew Scriptures in the Third Gospel,” in Searching the Scriptures: Studies in Context and Intertextuality, ed. Craig A. Evans and Jeremiah J. Johnston, LNTS 543 (London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015), 128–147.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Isaiah 58:6 and LXX Isaiah 61:1 and Luke 4:18

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