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LXX Isaiah

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 11

1 And there shall come forth a rod out of the root of Jesse, and a blossom shall come up from his root: 2 and the Spirit of God shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and strength, the spirit of knowledge and godliness; 3 the spirit of the fear of God shall fill him.⁠ He shall not judge according to appearance, nor reprove according to report: 4 but he shall judge the cause of the lowly, and shall reprove the lowly of the earth: and he shall strike the earth with the word of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips he will destroy the ungodly one. 5 And he shall have his waist bound with righteousness, and his sides clothed with truth. 6 And the wolf shall feed with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the young calf and bull and lion shall feed together; and a little child shall lead them.⁠ 7 And the ox and bear shall feed together; and their young shall be together: and the lion and the ox shall eat straw together. 8 And an infant shall put his hand on the holes of asps, and on the nest of young asps. 9 And they shall not hurt, nor shall they at all be able to destroy any one on my holy mountain: for the whole world is filled with the knowledge of the Lord, as much water covers the seas. 10 And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall arise to rule over the Gentiles; the Gentiles will trust in him,⁠ and his rest shall be glorious. 11 And it shall be in that day, that the Lord shall again show his hand, to be zealous for the remnant that is left of the people, which shall be left by the Assyrians, and that from Egypt,⁠ and from the country of Babylon, and from Ethiopia, and from the Elamites, and from the rising of the sun, and out of Arabia. 12 And he shall lift up a standard for the nations, and he shall gather the lost ones of Israel, and he shall gather the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth. 13 And the envy of Ephraim shall be taken away, and the enemies of Judah shall perish: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not afflict Ephraim. 14 And they shall fly in the ships of the Philistines: they shall at the same time plunder the sea, and those who come from the east, and Idumea: and they shall lay their hands on Moab first; but the children of Ammon shall first obey them. 15 And the Lord shall make desolate the sea of Egypt; and he shall lay his hand on the river with a strong wind, and he shall strike the seven channels, so that men shall pass through it dry-shod. 16 And there shall be a passage for⁠ my people that is left in Egypt: and it shall be to Israel as the day when he came forth out of the land of Egypt.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Isaiah 11:10 and Romans 15:12

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

In Romans 15, Paul quotes Isaiah 11 but omits its opening phrase about a future day, interpreting it as already fulfilled. Paul portrays the inclusion of Gentiles as the realized renewal Isaiah had described as a part of Israel’s future.

Passages

LXX Isaiah 11:10

Septuagint
8 And an infant shall put his hand on the holes of asps, and on the nest of young asps. 9 And they shall not hurt, nor shall they at all be able to destroy any one on my holy mountain: for the whole world is filled with the knowledge of the Lord, as much water covers the seas. 10 And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall arise to rule over the Gentiles; the Gentiles will trust in him, and his rest shall be glorious. 11 And it shall be in that day, that the Lord shall again show his hand, to be zealous for the remnant that is left of the people, which shall be left by the Assyrians, and that from Egypt, and from the country of Babylon, and from Ethiopia, and from the Elamites, and from the rising of the sun, and out of Arabia. 12 And he shall lift up a standard for the nations, and he shall gather the lost ones of Israel, and he shall gather the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

Romans 15:12

New Testament
10 And again it says: “Rejoice, O Gentiles, with his people.” 11 And again, “Praise the Lord all you Gentiles, and let all the peoples praise him.” 12 And again Isaiah says, “The root of Jesse will come, and the one who rises to rule over the Gentiles, in him will the Gentiles hope.” 13 Now may the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace as you believe in him, so that you may abound in hope by the power of the Holy Spirit. 14 But I myself am fully convinced about you, my brothers and sisters, that you yourselves are full of goodness, filled with all knowledge, and able to instruct one another.
55–58 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Romans

References

"... The fourth citation (Romans 15:12) is from Isaiah 11:10, cited verbatim but without the opening phrase ‘in that day’. The reason for the omission is likely to be that a saying which looks towards a future event would not be helpful for Paul, and he intends to demonstrate that Isaiah 11:10 has found its fulfilment in this community and no longer belongs to a future time ... It is notable that the sense of Messiah’s ‘rule’ (i.e. reign in order to accomplish the destruction of the Gentiles) is absent in Paul’s reading ..."
Sarah Whittle, Covenant Renewal and the Consecration of the Gentiles in Romans (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015), 138–139.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Isaiah 11:10 and Romans 15:12

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