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LXX Isaiah

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 10

1 Woe to those who write wickedness; for when they write they do write wickedness, 2 perverting the cause of the poor, violently wresting the judgment of the needy ones of my people, that the widow may be a prey to them, and the orphan plunder. 3 And what will they do in the day of visitation? for affliction shall come to you from afar: and to whom will you flee for help? and where will you leave your glory, 4 that you may not fall into captivity? For all this his fierce anger is not turned away, but his hand is yet exalted. 5 Woe to the Assyrians; the rod of my fierce anger, and anger are in their hands. 6 I will send my fierce anger against a sinful nation, and I will charge my people to take plunder and captured goods, and to trample the cities, and to make them dust. 7 But he did not mean thus, neither did he devise thus in his soul: but his mind shall change, and that to destroy nations not a few. 8 And if they should say to him, You alone are ruler; 9 then he shall say, Have I not taken the country above Babylon and Calneh, where the tower was built?⁠ and have I not taken Arabia, and Damascus, and Samaria? 10 As I have taken these in my hand, I will also take all the kingdoms: howl, you idols in Jerusalem, and in Samaria. 11 For as I did to Samaria and her idols, so I will do also to Jerusalem and her idols. 12 And it will happen, when the Lord shall have finished doing all things on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem, that he will visit upon the proud heart, even upon the ruler of the Assyrians, and upon the boastful haughtiness of his eyes. 13 For he said, I will act in strength, and in the wisdom of my understanding I will remove the boundaries of nations, and will plunder their strength, and I will shake the inhabited cities. 14 And I will take with my hand all the world as a nest: and I will even take them as eggs that have been left; and there is none that shall escape me, or contradict me. 15 Shall the ax glorify itself without him that hews with it? or shall the saw lift up itself without him that uses it, as if one should lift a rod or staff? 16 But it shall not be so; but the Lord of hosts shall send dishonor upon your honor, and burning fire shall be kindled upon your glory. 17 And the light of Israel shall be for a fire, and he shall sanctify him with burning fire, and it shall devour the wood as grass in that day. 18 The mountains shall be consumed, and the hills, and the forests, and fire shall devour both soul and body: and he that flees shall be as one fleeing from burning flame. 19 And they that are left of them shall be a small number, and a child shall write them. 20 And it will happen in that day that the remnant of Israel shall no more join themselves with, and the saved of Jacob shall no more trust in, those who injured them; but they shall trust in the Holy God of Israel, in truth. 21 And the remnant of Jacob shall trust on the mighty God. 22 And though the people of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant of them shall be saved: for he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness.⁠ 23 Because God will make a short work in all the world. 24 Therefore thus says the Lord of hosts, Do not be afraid, my people who dwell in Zion, of the Assyrians, because he shall strike you with a rod: for I am bringing a stroke upon you, that you may see the way of Egypt. 25 For yet a little while, and the indignation shall cease: but my fierce anger shall be against their counsel. 26 And God will stir up enemies against them, according to the stroke of Midian in the place of affliction: and his fierce anger shall be by the way of the sea, even to the way that leads to Egypt. 27 And it will happen in that day, that his fear shall be taken away from you, and his yoke from your shoulder, and the yoke shall be destroyed from your shoulders. 28 For he shall arrive at the city of Aiath, and shall pass on to Maggedo, and shall lay up his stores in Michmash. 29 And he shall pass by the valley, and shall arrive at Aiath: fear shall seize upon Ramah; the city of Saul shall flee. 30 daughter of Gallim, Laishah shall hear; one shall hear in Anathoth. 31 Madmenah also is amazed, and the inhabitants of Gibbir: exhort them 32 today to remain in the way: exhort, beckoning with the hand, the mountain, the daughter of Zion, even you hills that are in Jerusalem. 33 Look, the Lord, the Lord of hosts, will mightily confound the glorious ones; and the haughty in pride shall be crushed, and the lofty shall be brought low: 34 and the lofty ones shall fall by the sword, and the Lebanon shall fall with his lofty ones.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 10:9 and LXX Genesis 11:2 and LXX Isaiah 10:9

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

In the Greek Septuagint of Isaiah, obscure names like Hamath are replaced with familiar ones like Arabia, using Genesis to help readers recognize forgotten locations. This creates anachronistic links to Genesis and reshapes Isaiah's geography.

Passages

Isaiah 10:9

Hebrew Bible
7 But he does not agree with this; his mind does not reason this way, for his goal is to destroy and to eliminate many nations. 8 Indeed, he says: ‘Are not my officials all kings? 9 Is not Calneh like Carchemish? Hamath like Arpad? Samaria like Damascus? 10 I overpowered kingdoms ruled by idols, whose carved images were more impressive than Jerusalem’s or Samaria’s.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

LXX Genesis 11:2

Septuagint
1 And all the earth was one lip, and there was one language to all. 2 And it happened as they moved from the east, they found a plain in the land of Shinar, and they lived there. 3 And a man said to his neighbor, Come, let us make bricks and bake them with fire. And the brick was to them for stone, and their mortar was bitumen.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Genesis

LXX Isaiah 10:9

Septuagint
7 But he did not mean thus, neither did he devise thus in his soul: but his mind shall change, and that to destroy nations not a few. 8 And if they should say to him, You alone are ruler; 9 then he shall say, Have I not taken the country above Babylon and Calneh, where the tower was built? and have I not taken Arabia, and Damascus, and Samaria? 10 As I have taken these in my hand, I will also take all the kingdoms: howl, you idols in Jerusalem, and in Samaria.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

References

"... a hint towards viewing the period of the Isaiah translation seems to be revealed in what might appear as the translator's struggle in seeking to help his audience to recognize some of the place-names in both chapter 10 and 11. As Troxel has rightly observed, it is only in chapter 10 and 11 where the translator (via intertextual associations with texts outside Isaiah, i.e., LXX Genesis 10:10 and 11:2), has translated חמת by Ἀραβία (Isaiah 10:9 and 11:11; compare 15:7, 9), inserted τὴν χώραν τὴν ἐπὶ τῶν Βαβυλωνίων (Isaiah 10:9), and intelligibly rendered וּמִשְׁנֵהָ with Βαβυλωνίας (Isaiah 11:11). Troxel’s interesting observation here provides further vital proof of the argument advanced in our study pertinent to the translator's use of intertextuality in the production of his text, a method that seems to have been set for any reader of his text to read hermeneutically ..."
Abi T. Ngunga, Messianism in the Old Greek of Isaiah: An Intertextual Analysis, FRLANT 245 (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013), 99.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 10:9 and LXX Genesis 11:2 and LXX Isaiah 10:9

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