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LXX Genesis

Septuagint

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Chapter 18

1 And God appeared to him by the oak of Mamre, as he sat by the door of his tent at noon. 2 And he lifted up his eyes and saw, and look! three men stood before him; and having seen them he ran to meet them from the door of his tent, and bowed in respect to the ground. 3 And he said, Lord, if indeed I have found grace in your sight, do not pass by your servant. 4 Let water now be brought, and let them wash your feet, and refresh yourselves under the tree. 5 And I will bring bread, and you shall eat, and after this you shall depart on your journey, on account of which refreshment you have turned aside to your servant. And they said, So do, as you have said. 6 And Abraham hastened to the tent to Sarah, and said to her, Hasten, and knead three measures of fine flour, and make cakes. 7 And Abraham ran to the cattle, and took a young calf, tender and good, and gave it to his servant, and he hastened to dress it. 8 And he took butter and milk, and the calf which he had dressed; and he set them before them, and they ate, and he stood by them under the tree. 9 And he said to him, Where is Sarah your wife? And he answered and said, Look! in the tent. 10 And he said, I will return and come to you according to this period seasonably, and Sarah your wife shall have a son; and Sarah heard at the door of the tent, being behind him. 11 And Abraham and Sarah were old, advanced in days, and the custom of women ceased with Sarah. 12 And Sarah laughed in herself, saying, The thing has not as yet happened to me, even until now, and my lord is old.⁠ 13 And the Lord said to Abraham, Why is it that Sarah has laughed in herself, saying, Shall I then indeed bear? but I am grown old. 14 Shall anything be impossible with God? At this time I will return to you seasonably, and Sarah shall have a son. 15 But Sarah denied, saying, I did not laugh, for she was afraid. And he said to her, No, but you did laugh. 16 And the men having risen up from there looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah. And Abraham went with them, attending them on their journey. 17 And the Lord said, Shall I hide from Abraham my servant what things I intend to do? 18 But Abraham shall become a great and populous nation, and in him shall all the nations of the earth be blessed. 19 For I know that he will order his sons, and his house after him, and they will keep the ways of the Lord, to do justice and judgment, that the Lord may bring upon Abraham all things whatever he has spoken to him. 20 And the Lord said, The cry of Sodom and Gomorrah has been increased toward me, and their sins are very great. 21 I will therefore go down and see, if they completely correspond with the cry which comes to me, and if not, that I may know. 22 And the men having departed from there, came to Sodom; and Abraham was still standing before the Lord. 23 And Abraham drew near and said, Would you destroy the righteous with the wicked, and shall the righteous be as the wicked? 24 Should there be fifty righteous in the city, will you destroy them? will you not spare the whole place for the sake of the fifty righteous, if they be in it? 25 By no means shall you do as this thing is so as to destroy the righteous with the wicked, so the righteous shall be as the wicked: by no means. You that judge the whole earth, shall you not do right? 26 And the Lord said, If I should find in Sodom fifty righteous in the city, I will spare the whole place for their sakes. 27 And Abraham answered and said, Now I have begun to speak to my Lord, and I am earth and ashes. 28 But if the fifty righteous should be diminished to forty-five, will you destroy the whole city because of the five lacking? And he said, I will not destroy it, if I should find there forty-five. 29 And he continued to speak to him still, and said, But if there should be found there forty? And he said, I will not destroy it for the forty's sake. 30 And he said, Will there be anything against me, Lord, if I shall speak? but if there be found there thirty? And he said, I will not destroy it, if I should find there thirty. 31 And he said, Since I am able to speak to the Lord, what if there should be found there twenty? And he said, I will not destroy it for the twenty's sake. 32 And he said, Will there be anything against me, Lord, if I speak yet once? but if there should be found there ten? And he said, I will not destroy it for the ten's sake. 33 And the Lord departed, when he left off speaking to Abraham, and Abraham returned to his place.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 18:12 and LXX Genesis 18:12

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

In Genesis 18, Sarah laughs at the promise of a son, saying she is worn out and asking if she will have pleasure. The Greek Septuagint changes her words entirely, saying only that it has not happened to her, removing her reference to sexual pleasure.

Passages

Genesis 18:12

Hebrew Bible
11 Abraham and Sarah were old and advancing in years; Sarah had long since passed menopause.) 12 So Sarah laughed to herself, thinking, “After I am worn out will I have pleasure, especially when my husband is old too?” 13 The Lord said to Abraham, “Why did Sarah laugh and say, ‘Will I really have a child when I am old?’ 14 Is anything impossible for the Lord? I will return to you when the season comes round again and Sarah will have a son.”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

LXX Genesis 18:12

Septuagint
11 And Abraham and Sarah were old, advanced in days, and the custom of women ceased with Sarah. 12 And Sarah laughed in herself, saying, The thing has not as yet happened to me, even until now, and my lord is old. 13 And the Lord said to Abraham, Why is it that Sarah has laughed in herself, saying, Shall I then indeed bear? but I am grown old. 14 Shall anything be impossible with God? At this time I will return to you seasonably, and Sarah shall have a son.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Genesis

References

"... Instead of pondering the possibility of sexual pleasure in her old age and withered state, the LXX-G Sarah merely comments on her lifetime problem. Furthermore, by replacing Sarah's thoughts of pleasure with an allusion to her continued barrenness, the LXX-G Sarah accepts the blame for the couple's lack of progeny. Like a proper Hellenistic matron, Sarah thinks not of her own sexual pleasure." ..."
Susan Brayford, Septuagint Commentary Series: Genesis (Leiden: Brill, 2007), 324.
"... the (biblical) verses which they changed for the King Ptolemy in this way: And Sarah laughed among her relatives saying: "After I am worn out and my master is old, will I now have ednah"? The woman said: As long as the woman can give birth to a child, she has pieces of jewellery and I, after I am worn out, will I now have ednah? Ednah means "pieces of jewelry" as in the verse: I adorned you with jewellery (Ezekiel 16:11)." ..."
Kristin De Troyer, “Midrashic Parenthetic Reference in the Septuagint,” in Libraries, Translations, and 'Canonic' Texts: The Septuagint, Aquila and Ben Sira in the Jewish and Christian Traditions, ed. Giuseppe Veltri and Gerhard S. Oegema (Leiden: Brill, 2006), 133.
"... Gen has, however, misread the Hebrew which might be paraphrased as "after I am worn out would I (again) experience (sexual) pleasure"? The Greek misread not as "my being worn out," but as the negative particle pronounced: bilti, a reading which the consonantal text permits, and so instead of "after I am worn out" has "not yet." What Gen has Sarra saying may be freely translated as: "Never yet has it happened to me up to the present, and (now) my husband is too old."" ..."
John William Wevers, Notes on the Greek Text of Genesis, SCS 35 (Atlanta: Scholars, 1993), 252.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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