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LXX Genesis

Septuagint

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Chapter 17

1 And Abram was ninety-nine years old, and the Lord appeared to Abram and said to him, I am your God,⁠ be well-pleasing before me, and be blameless. 2 And I will establish my covenant between me and you, and I will multiply you exceedingly. 3 And Abram fell upon his face, and God spoke to him, saying, 4 And I, look! my covenant is with you, and you shall be a father of a multitude of nations. 5 And your name shall no more be called Abram, but your name shall be Abraham, for I have made you a father of many nations. 6 And I will increase you very exceedingly, and I will make nations of you, and kings shall come out of you. 7 And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your seed after you, to their generations, for an everlasting covenant, to be your God, and the God of your seed after you. 8 And I will give to you and to your seed after you the land in which you stay, even all the land of Canaan for an everlasting possession, and I will be to them a God. 9 And God said to Abraham, You also shall fully keep my covenant, you and your seed after you for their generations. 10 And this is the covenant which you shall fully keep between me and you, and between your seed after you for their generations; every male of you shall be circumcised. 11 And you shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin, and it shall be for a sign of a covenant between me and you. 12 And the child of eight days old shall be circumcised by you, every male throughout your generations, and the servant born in the house and he that is bought with money, of every son of a stranger, who is not of your seed. 13 He that is born in your house, and he that is bought with money shall be surely circumcised, and my covenant shall be on your flesh for an everlasting covenant. 14 And the uncircumcised male, who shall not be circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin on the eighth day, that soul shall be utterly destroyed from its family, for he has broken my covenant. 15 And God said to Abraham, Sarai your wife, her name shall not be called Sarai, but Sarah shall be her name. 16 And I will bless her, and give you a son of her, and I will bless him, and he shall become nations, and kings of nations shall be of him. 17 And Abraham fell upon his face, and laughed; and spoke in his heart, saying, Shall there be a child to one who is one hundred years old, and shall Sarah who is ninety years old, bear? 18 And Abraham said to God, Let this Ishmael live before you. 19 And God said to Abraham, Yes, look, Sarah your wife shall bear you a son, and you shall call his name Isaac; and I will establish my covenant with him, for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him. 20 And concerning Ishmael, look, I have heard you, and, look, I have blessed him, and will increase him and multiply him exceedingly; twelve nations he will father, and I will make him a great nation. 21 But I will establish my covenant with Isaac, whom Sarah shall bear to you at this time, in the next year. 22 And he left off speaking with him, and God went up from Abraham. 23 And Abraham took Ishmael his son, and all his home-born servants, and all those bought with money, and every male of the men in the house of Abraham, and he circumcised their foreskins in the time of that day, according as God spoke to him. 24 And Abraham was ninety-nine years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. 25 And Ishmael his son was thirteen years old when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. 26 And at the period of that day, Abraham was circumcised, and Ishmael his son, 27 and all the men of his house, both those born in the house, and those bought with money of foreign nations, he circumcised them.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 17:1 and LXX Genesis 17:1

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Genesis 17 introduces God as El Shaddai, a name likely meaning "God of the Mountain." The Greek Septuagint drops this title and simply says "I am your God," likely due to it not being relevant for a Greek audience.

Passages

Genesis 17:1

Hebrew Bible
1 When Abram was ninety-nine years old, the Lord appeared to him and said, “I am the Sovereign God. Walk before me and be blameless. 2 Then I will confirm my covenant between me and you, and I will give you a multitude of descendants.”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

LXX Genesis 17:1

Septuagint
1 And Abram was ninety-nine years old, and the Lord appeared to Abram and said to him, I am your God, be well-pleasing before me, and be blameless. 2 And I will establish my covenant between me and you, and I will multiply you exceedingly.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Genesis

References

"... There is no Hebrew equivalent: El Shaddai is regularly rendered theos pantokrator in the LXX, but the reason lies in Hellenistic philosophy rather than in the Old Testament itself, despite later rabbinic speculation that shaddai means she-dai, the one "who is sufficient."" ..."
Katharine J. Dell, ed., Ethical and Unethical in the Old Testament: God and Humans in Dialogue (New York: T & T Clark International, 2010), 144.
"... When translators produced the Septuagint (a Greek edition of the Hebrew Bible), they rendered the Hebrew phrase (El Shaddai) as Pantokrator, a term reserved for Yahweh alone." ..."
Stephen L. Harris, Understanding the Bible, 8th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011), 420.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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