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LXX Genesis

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 10

1 Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, Japheth; and sons were born to them after the flood. 2 The sons of Japheth, Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan,⁠ and Elishah, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras. 3 And the sons of Gomer, Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah. 4 And the sons of Javan, Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, Rhodians. 5 From these were the islands of the Gentiles divided in their land, each according to his tongue, in their tribes and in their nations. 6 And the sons of Ham, Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan. 7 And the sons of Cush, Seba, and Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and Sabteca. And the sons of Raamah, Sheba, and Dedan. 8 And Cush fathered Nimrod: he began to be a giant upon the earth. 9 He was a giant hunter before the Lord God;⁠ therefore they say, As Nimrod the giant hunter before the Lord. 10 And the beginning of his kingdom was Babylon, and Erech, and Akkad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.⁠ 11 Out of that land came Asshur, and built Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah, 12 and Dasem between Nineveh and Calah: this is the great city. 13 And Mizraim fathered the Ludim, and the Anamim, and the Lehabim, and the Naphtuhim, 14 and the Pathrusim, and the Casluhim (from where came forth Philistines) and the Caphtorim. 15 And Canaan fathered Sidon his firstborn, and the Hittite, 16 and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite, 17 and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite, 18 and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite; and after this the tribes of the Canaanites were dispersed. 19 And the boundaries of the Canaanites were from Sidon till one comes to Gerar and Gaza, till one comes to Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboyim, as far as Lasha. 20 These were the sons of Ham in their tribes according to their tongues, in their countries, and in their nations. 21 And to Shem himself also were children born, the father of all the sons of Heber, the brother of Japheth the elder. 22 Sons of Shem, Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Cainan. 23 And sons of Aram, Uz, and Hul, and Gather, and Meshech. 24 And Arphaxad fathered Cainan, and Cainan fathered Shelah. And Shelah fathered Heber. 25 And to Heber were born two sons, the name of the one, Peleg, because in his days the earth was divided, and the name of his brother Joktan. 26 And Joktan fathered Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah, 27 and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah, 28 and Abimael, and Sheba, 29 and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab, all these were the sons of Joktan. 30 And their dwelling was from Mesha, till one comes to Sephar, a mountain of the east. 31 These were the sons of Shem in their tribes, according to their tongues, in their countries, and in their nations. 32 These are the tribes of the sons of Noah, according to their generations, according to their nations: of them were the islands of the Gentiles scattered over the earth after the flood.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 11:11 and LXX Genesis 10:10 and LXX Isaiah 11:11

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

In the Greek Septuagint of Isaiah, obscure names like Hamath are replaced with familiar ones like Arabia, using Genesis to help readers recognize forgotten locations. This creates anachronistic links to Genesis and reshapes Isaiah's geography.

Passages

Isaiah 11:11

Hebrew Bible
10 At that time a root from Jesse will stand like a signal flag for the nations. Nations will look to him for guidance, and his residence will be majestic. 11 At that time the Lord will again lift his hand to reclaim the remnant of his people from Assyria, Egypt, Pathros, Cush, Elam, Shinar, Hamath, and the seacoasts. 12 He will lift a signal flag for the nations; he will gather Israel’s dispersed people and assemble Judah’s scattered people from the four corners of the earth.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

LXX Genesis 10:10

Septuagint
9 He was a giant hunter before the Lord God; therefore they say, As Nimrod the giant hunter before the Lord. 10 And the beginning of his kingdom was Babylon, and Erech, and Akkad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. 11 Out of that land came Asshur, and built Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah,
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Genesis

LXX Isaiah 11:11

Septuagint
10 And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall arise to rule over the Gentiles; the Gentiles will trust in him, and his rest shall be glorious. 11 And it shall be in that day, that the Lord shall again show his hand, to be zealous for the remnant that is left of the people, which shall be left by the Assyrians, and that from Egypt, and from the country of Babylon, and from Ethiopia, and from the Elamites, and from the rising of the sun, and out of Arabia. 12 And he shall lift up a standard for the nations, and he shall gather the lost ones of Israel, and he shall gather the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

References

"... a hint towards viewing the period of the Isaiah translation seems to be revealed in what might appear as the translator's struggle in seeking to help his audience to recognize some of the place-names in both chapter 10 and 11. As Troxel has rightly observed, it is only in chapter 10 and 11 where the translator (via intertextual associations with texts outside Isaiah, i.e., LXX Genesis 10:10 and 11:2), has translated חמת by Ἀραβία (Isaiah 10:9 and 11:11; compare 15:7, 9), inserted τὴν χώραν τὴν ἐπὶ τῶν Βαβυλωνίων (Isaiah 10:9), and intelligibly rendered וּמִשְׁנֵהָ with Βαβυλωνίας (Isaiah 11:11). Troxel’s interesting observation here provides further vital proof of the argument advanced in our study pertinent to the translator's use of intertextuality in the production of his text, a method that seems to have been set for any reader of his text to read hermeneutically ..."
Abi T. Ngunga, Messianism in the Old Greek of Isaiah: An Intertextual Analysis, FRLANT 245 (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013), 99.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 11:11 and LXX Genesis 10:10 and LXX Isaiah 11:11

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