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LXX Ezekiel

Septuagint

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Chapter 33

1 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 2 Son of man, speak to the children of your people, and you shall say to them, On whatever land I shall bring a sword, and the people of the land take one man of them, and set him for their watchman: 3 and he shall see the sword coming upon the land, and blow the trumpet, and sound an alarm to the people; 4 and he that hears the sound of the trumpet shall hear indeed, and yet not take heed, and the sword shall come upon him, and overtake him, his blood shall be upon his own head. 5 Because he heard the sound of the trumpet, and took no heed, his blood shall be upon him: but the other, because he took heed, has delivered his soul. 6 But if the watchman see the sword coming, and do not sound the trumpet, and the people do not watch; and the sword come, and take a soul from among them, that soul is taken because of its iniquity; but its blood I will require at the watchman's hand. 7 And you, son of man, I have set you as a watchman to the house of Israel, and you shall hear a word from my mouth. 8 When I say to the sinner, You shall surely die; if you do not speak to warn the wicked from his way, the wicked himself shall die in his iniquity; but his blood I will require at your hand. 9 But if you forewarn the wicked of his way to turn from it, and he does not turn from his way, he shall die in his ungodliness; but you have delivered your own soul. 10 And you, son of man, say to the house of Israel; You have spoken this way, saying, Our errors, and our iniquities weigh upon us, and we pine away in them, and how then shall we live? 11 Say to them, Thus says the Lord; As I live, I do not desire the death of the ungodly, as that the ungodly should turn from his way and live:⁠ turn heartily from your way; for why will you die, house of Israel? 12 Say to the children of your people, The righteousness of the righteous shall not deliver him, in the day on which he errs: and the iniquity of the ungodly shall not harm him, in the day on which he turns from his iniquity, but the righteous erring shall not be able to deliver himself. 13 When I speak to the righteous, and he trusts in his righteousness, and commits iniquity, none of his righteousnesses shall be remembered; in his unrighteousness which he has done, he shall die in it. 14 And when I say to the ungodly, You shall surely die; and he shall turn from his sin, and do judgment and justice, 15 and return the pledge, and repay that which he has robbed, and walk in the ordinances of life, so as to do no wrong; he shall surely live, and shall not die. 16 None of his sins which he has committed shall be remembered: because he has done judgment and righteousness; he shall live by them. 17 Yet the children of your people will say, The way of the Lord is not straight: whereas this their way is not straight. 18 When the righteous turns away from his righteousness, and shall commit iniquities, then he shall die in them. 19 And when the sinner turns from his iniquity, and shall do judgment and righteousness, he shall live by them. 20 And this is that which you said, The way of the Lord is not straight. I will judge you, house of Israel, every one for his ways. 21 And it happened in the twelfth year of our captivity, in the twelfth month, on the fifth day of the month, that one that had escaped from Jerusalem came to me, saying, The city is taken. 22 Now the hand of the Lord had come upon me in the evening, before he came; and he opened my mouth, until he came to me in the morning: and my mouth was open, it was no longer kept closed. 23 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 24 Son of man, they that inhabit the desolate places on the land of Israel say, Abraham was one, and he possessed the land: and we are more numerous; to us the land is given for a possession. 25 Therefore say to them, Thus says the Lord God, 26  27 As I live, surely they that are in the desolate places shall fall by the sword and they that are in the open plain shall be given for food to the wild beasts of the field, and those who are in the fortified cities and those who are in the caves I will kill with pestilence. 28 And I will make the land desert, and the pride of her strength shall perish; and the mountains of Israel shall be made desolate by reason of no man passing through. 29 And they shall know that I am the Lord; and I will make their land desert, and it shall be made desolate because of all their abominations which they have committed. 30 And as for you, son of man, the children of your people are they that speak concerning you by the walls, and in the porches of the houses, and they talk one to another, saying, Let us come together, and let us hear the words that proceed from the Lord. 31 They approach you as a people comes together, and sit before you, and hear your words, but they will not do them: for there is falsehood in their mouth, and their heart goes after their pollutions. 32 And you are to them as a sound of a sweet, well-tuned lute, and they will hear your words, but they will not do them. 33 But whenever it will happen, they will say, Look, it has come: and they shall know that there was a prophet in the midst of them.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Ezekiel 33:11 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 8:3

Septuagint · Early Christian

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Summary

In 1 Clement, the author quotes God swearing an oath that he prefers the repentance of sinners to their death, which resembles the Greek Septuagint translation of Ezekiel 33 without following it, and may come from a lost book in the name of Ezekiel.

Passages

LXX Ezekiel 33:11

Septuagint
10 And you, son of man, say to the house of Israel; You have spoken this way, saying, Our errors, and our iniquities weigh upon us, and we pine away in them, and how then shall we live? 11 Say to them, Thus says the Lord; As I live, I do not desire the death of the ungodly, as that the ungodly should turn from his way and live: turn heartily from your way; for why will you die, house of Israel? 12 Say to the children of your people, The righteousness of the righteous shall not deliver him, in the day on which he errs: and the iniquity of the ungodly shall not harm him, in the day on which he turns from his iniquity, but the righteous erring shall not be able to deliver himself.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Ezekiel

Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 8:3

Early Christian · First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians
1 The ministers of the grace of God, through the Holy Spirit, spoke concerning repentance. 2 Yes, and the Master of the universe Himself spoke about repentance with an oath. 3 For, ‘As I live,’ says the Lord, ‘I do not desire the death of the sinner as much as his repentance.’ 4 And He also gave a merciful judgment: ‘Repent, house of Israel, of your iniquity. Say to the children of My people: Though your sins reach from the earth to the heavens, and though they are redder than scarlet and blacker than sackcloth, if you turn to Me with your whole heart and say, “Father,” I will listen to you as to a holy people.’
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Clement of Rome, 1 Clement

References

“... The earliest witness to the second apocryphal Ezekiel fragment is 1 Clem. 8:3, which also contains the longest form of the saying. Clement does not attribute the saying to Ezekiel, but it falls in a sequence with a passage (8:2) that bears resemblence to Ezek 33:11, although some have argued that 8:2 was part of the Ezekiel apocryphon as well. The saying is explicitly attributed to Ezekiel by Clement of Alexandria, Paed. I.[10.]91.2, who reports only a portion of the text contained in 1 Clement. A third witness, the Exegesis on the Soul (Nag Hammadi, II 6, 135.30-136.4), provides a Coptic version of the saying that encompasses the full scope of the fragment as it is found in 1 Clement. The passage as a whole has the character of a biblical prophetic saying. ...”
Benjamin G. Wright, “The Apocryphal Ezekiel Fragments,” in The Apocryphal Ezekiel, ed. Michael E. Stone, Benjamin G. Wright, and David Satran, EJL 18 (Atlanta: SBL, 2000), 19.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Ezekiel 33:11 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 8:3

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