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LXX 2 Samuel

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 17

1 And Ahithophel said to Absalom, Let me now choose out for myself twelve thousand men, and I will arise and follow after David this night: 2 and I will come upon him when he is weary and weak-handed, and I will strike him with terror; and all the people with him shall flee, and I will strike the king only of all. 3 And I will bring back all the people to you, as a bride returns to her husband: only you seek the life of one man, and all the people shall have peace. 4 And the saying was right in the eyes of Absalom, and in the eyes of all the elders of Israel. 5 And Absalom said, Call now also Hushai the Archite, and let us hear what is in his mouth, even in his also. 6 And Hushai went in to Absalom, and Absalom spoke to him, saying, After this manner spoke Ahithophel: shall we do according to his word? but if not, speak. 7 And Hushai said to Absalom, This counsel which Ahithophel has counseled this one time is not good. 8 And Hushai said, You know your father and his men, that they are very mighty, and bitter in their spirit, as a bereaved bear in the field, and as a wild boar in the plain: and your father is a man of war, and will not give the people rest. 9 For, look, he is now hidden in one of the hills or in some other place: and it will happen when he falls upon them at the beginning, that some one will certainly hear, and say, There has been a slaughter among the people that follow after Absalom. 10 Then even he that is strong, whose heart is as the heart of a lion, it shall utterly melt: for all Israel knows that your father is mighty, and they that are with him are mighty men. 11 For thus I have surely given counsel, that all Israel be generally gathered to you from Dan even to Beersheba, as the sand that is upon the sea-shore for multitude: and that your presence go in the midst of them. 12 And we will come upon him in one of the places where we shall find him, and we will encamp against him, as the dew falls upon the earth; and we will not leave of him and of his men so much as one. 13 And if he shall have taken refuge with his army in a city, then shall all Israel take ropes to that city, and we will draw it even into the river, that there may not be left there even a stone. 14 And Absalom, and all the men of Israel said, The counsel of Hushai the Archite is better than the counsel of Ahithophel. For the Lord ordained to disconcert the good counsel of Ahithophel, that the Lord might bring all evil upon Absalom. 15 And Hushai the Archite said to Zadok and Abiathar the priests, Thus and thus Ahithophel counseled Absalom and the elders of Israel; and thus and thus I have counseled. 16 And now send quickly and report to David, saying, Do not lodge this night in Arabah of the wilderness: even go and make haste, for fear that one might swallow up the king, and all the people with him. 17 And Jonathan and Ahimaaz stood by the well of Rogel, and a maidservant went and reported to them, and they go and tell king David; for they could not be seen to enter into the city. 18 But a young man saw them and told Absalom: and the two went quickly, and entered into the house of a man in Bahurim; and he had a well in his court, and they went down into it. 19 And a woman took a covering, and spread it over the mouth of the well, and spread out ground grain upon it to dry, and the thing was not known. 20 And the servants of Absalom came to the woman into the house, and said, Where are Ahimaaz and Jonathan? and the woman said to them, They have gone a little way beyond the water. And they sought and did not find them, and returned to Jerusalem. 21 And it happened after they were gone, that they came up out of the pit, and went on their way; and reported to king David, and said to David, Arise and go quickly over the water, for thus has Ahithophel counseled concerning you. 22 And David rose up and all the people with him, and they passed over Jordan till the morning light; there was not one missing who did not pass over Jordan. 23 And Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, and he saddled his donkey, and rose and departed to his house into his city; and he gave orders to his household, and hanged himself, and died,⁠ and was buried in the tomb of his father. 24 And David passed over to Mahanaim: and Absalom crossed over Jordan, he and all the men of Israel with him. 25 And Absalom appointed Amasa in the place of Joab over the host. And Amasa was the son of a man whose name was Ithra the Israelite: he went in to Abigail the daughter of Nahash, the sister of Zeruiah the mother of Joab. 26 And all Israel and Absalom encamped in the land of Gilead. 27 And it happened when David came to Mahanaim, that Shobi the son of Nahash of Rabbath of the sons of Ammon, and Machir son of Ammiel of Lo Debar, and Barzillai the Gileadite of Rogelim, 28 brought ten embroidered beds, (with double coverings,) and ten cauldrons, and earthenware, and wheat, and barley, and flour, and meal, and beans, and pulse, 29 and honey, and butter, and sheep, and cheeses of cattle: and they brought them to David and to his people with him to eat; for one said, The people is faint and hungry and thirsty in the wilderness.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX 2 Samuel 17:23 and Matthew 27:5

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

Matthew may have shaped Judas’s death to follow a pattern based on Ahithophel in 2 Samuel. Ahithophel betrays King David, similar to how Judas betrays Jesus, and when their plans fail both men end their lives by hanging, described with similar language.

Passages

LXX 2 Samuel 17:23

Septuagint
21 And it happened after they were gone, that they came up out of the pit, and went on their way; and reported to king David, and said to David, Arise and go quickly over the water, for thus has Ahithophel counseled concerning you. 22 And David rose up and all the people with him, and they passed over Jordan till the morning light; there was not one missing who did not pass over Jordan. 23 And Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, and he saddled his donkey, and rose and departed to his house into his city; and he gave orders to his household, and hanged himself, and died, and was buried in the tomb of his father.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX 2 Samuel

Matthew 27:5

New Testament
2 They tied him up, led him away, and handed him over to Pilate the governor. 3 Now when Judas, who had betrayed him, saw that Jesus had been condemned, he regretted what he had done and returned the 30 silver coins to the chief priests and the elders, 4 saying, “I have sinned by betraying innocent blood!” But they said, “What is that to us? You take care of it yourself!” 5 So Judas threw the silver coins into the temple and left. Then he went out and hanged himself. 6 The chief priests took the silver and said, “It is not lawful to put this into the temple treasury, since it is blood money.” 7 After consulting together they bought the Potter’s Field with it, as a burial place for foreigners.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... The parallels between Jesus and David are given greater depth in relation to those between Judas and Ahithophel. I have made the case, as did Origen, that the one “who rose against David was Ahithophel” just as the one who “rose against the Savior was Judas the traitor.” Specifically, Judas implemented Ahithophel's cunning plan for betraying David in betraying David’s son Jesus. But, for Matthew, Judas could not perform Ahithophel's plan without also performing his own demise. The parallels between the two characters end with dark finality ... There is much to commend the connection: the verbal form is identical in both stories, appears only in these two instances in the Greek Bible, and Ahithophel and Judas are the only characters in the entirety of the Bible to hang themselves. Thus, Matthew’s unique account of Judas’s suicide ties together all of the strands of the Ahithophel typology: Judas's life ends where Ahithophel's did ..."
Nathan C. Johnson, “The Passion according to David: Matthew’s Arrest Narrative, the Absalom Revolt, and Militant Messianism,” CBQ 80.2 (2018): 247–272.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX 2 Samuel 17:23 and Matthew 27:5

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