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LXX 2 Chronicles

Septuagint

About this book
Chapter 35

1 And Josiah kept a passover to the Lord his God; and sacrificed the passover on the fourteenth day of the first month. 2 And he appointed the priests at their charges, and encouraged them for the services of the house of the Lord. 3 And he told the Levites that were strong in all Israel, that they should consecrate themselves to the Lord:⁠ and they put the holy ark in the house which Solomon the son of David king of Israel built: and the king said, You must not carry anything on your shoulders: now then minister to the Lord your God, and to his people Israel. 4 And prepare yourselves according to the houses of your families, and according to your daily courses, according to the writing of David king of Israel, and the order by the hand of his son Solomon. 5 And stand in the house according to the divisions of the houses of your families for your brothers the sons of the people; so also let there be for the Levites a division of the house of their family. 6 And kill the passover, and prepare the holy things for your brothers, to do according to the word of the Lord, by the hand of Moses. 7 And Josiah gave as an offering to the children of the people, sheep, and lambs, and kids of the young of the goats, all for the passover, even for all that were found, in number amounting to thirty thousand, and three thousand calves, these were of the substance of the king. 8 And his princes gave an offering to the people, and to the priests, and to the Levites: and Hilkiah and Zechariah and Jeiel the chief men of the house of God gave to the priests, they even gave for the passover sheep, and lambs, and kids, two thousand six hundred, and three hundred calves. 9 And Konaniah, and Benaiah, and Shemaiah, and Nethanel his brother, and Hashabiah, and Jeiel, and Jozabad, heads of the Levites, gave an offering to the Levites for the passover, of five thousand sheep and five hundred calves. 10 And the service was duly ordered, and the priests stood in their place, and the Levites in their divisions, according to the command of the king. 11 And they killed the passover, and the priests sprinkled the blood from their hand, and the Levites flayed the victims. 12 And they prepared the whole burnt offering to give to them, according to the division by the houses of families, even to the sons of the people, to offer to the Lord, as it is written in the book of Moses. And thus they did till the morning.⁠ 13 And they roasted the passover with fire according to the ordinance; and boiled the holy pieces in copper vessels and cauldrons, and the feast went on well, and they quickly served all the children of the people. 14 And after they had prepared for themselves and for the priests, for the priests were engaged in offering the whole burnt offerings and the fat until night, then the Levites prepared for themselves, and for their brothers the sons of Aaron. 15 And the sons of Asaph the psalm-singers were at their post according to the commands of David, and Asaph, and Heman, and Jeduthun, the prophets of the king: also, the chiefs and the porters of each gate; it was not for them to stir from the service of the holy things, for their brothers the Levites prepared for them. 16 So all the service of the Lord was duly ordered and prepared in that day, for keeping the passover, and offering the whole burnt sacrifices on the altar of the Lord, according to the command of king Josiah. 17 And the children of Israel that were present kept the passover at that time, and the feast of unleavened bread seven days. 18 And there was no passover like it in Israel from the days of Samuel the prophet, or any king of Israel: they did not keep such a passover as Josiah, and the priests, and the Levites, and all Judah and Israel that were present, and the dwellers in Jerusalem, kept to the Lord. 19 It was in the eighteenth year of the reign of Josiah. 19a And king Josiah burnt those who had in them a divining spirit, and the wizards, and the images, and the idols, and the sodomites which were in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, that he might confirm the words of the law that were written in the book which Hilkiah the priest found in the house of the Lord. 19b There was no king like him before him, who turned to the Lord with all his heart, and all his soul, and all his strength, according to all the law of Moses, and after him there rose up none like him. 19c Nevertheless the Lord did not turn from the anger of his fierce anger, with which the Lord was greatly angry against Judah, for all the provocations with which Manasseh provoked him.⁠ 19d and the Lord said, I will even remove Judah also from my presence, as I have removed Israel, and I have rejected the city which I chose, even Jerusalem, and the house of which I said, My name shall be there. 20 And Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt went up against the king of the Assyrians to the river Euphrates,⁠ and king Josiah went to meet him. 21 And he sent messengers to him, saying, What have I to do with you, king of Judah? I have not come today to war against you; and God has told me to hasten: beware of the God that is with me, for fear that he might destroy you. 22 However, Josiah did not turn his face from him, but strengthened himself to fight against him, and did not listen to the words of Neco by the mouth of God, and he came to fight in the plain of Megiddo. 23 And the archers shot at king Josiah; and the king said to his servants, Take me away, for I am severely wounded. 24 And his servants lifted him out of the chariot, and put him in the second chariot which he had, and brought him to Jerusalem; and he died, and was buried with his fathers: and all Judah and Jerusalem lamented over Josiah. 25 And Jeremiah mourned over Josiah, and all the chief men and chief women uttered a lamentation over Josiah until this day: and they made it an ordinance for Israel, and, look, it is written in the lamentations. 26 And the rest of the acts of Josiah, and his hope, are written in the law of the Lord. 27 And his acts, the first and the last, look, they are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Deuteronomy 16:7 and LXX 2 Chronicles 35:13

Septuagint

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Summary

The Greek Septuagint translation of 2 Chronicles 35 mirrors the Septuagint translation of Deuteronomy 16 by stating that the Passover offering was both boiled and roasted, attempting to harmonize two conflicting commands found in Exodus and Deuteronomy.

Passages

LXX Deuteronomy 16:7

Septuagint
5 you shall not have power to sacrifice the passover in any of your cities, which the Lord your God gives you. 6 But in the place which the Lord your God shall choose, to have his name called there, you shall sacrifice the passover in the evening at the setting of the sun, at the time when you came out of Egypt. 7 And you shall boil and roast and eat it in the place, which the Lord your God shall choose; and you shall return in the morning, and go to your house. 8 Six days you will eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day is a holiday, a feast to the Lord your God: you shall not do in it any work, save what must be done by any one. 9 Seven full weeks you will number to yourself; when you have begun to put the sickle to the grain, you shall begin to number seven weeks.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Deuteronomy

LXX 2 Chronicles 35:13

Septuagint
11 And they killed the passover, and the priests sprinkled the blood from their hand, and the Levites flayed the victims. 12 And they prepared the whole burnt offering to give to them, according to the division by the houses of families, even to the sons of the people, to offer to the Lord, as it is written in the book of Moses. And thus they did till the morning. 13 And they roasted the passover with fire according to the ordinance; and boiled the holy pieces in copper vessels and cauldrons, and the feast went on well, and they quickly served all the children of the people. 14 And after they had prepared for themselves and for the priests, for the priests were engaged in offering the whole burnt offerings and the fat until night, then the Levites prepared for themselves, and for their brothers the sons of Aaron.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX 2 Chronicles

References

"... in Chronicles, the tôrah (“law”) is a term used to give legitimacy to post-exilic religious practices such as the maintenance and organization of the temple, which are omitted in the Pentateuch ... For instance, Chronicles lowers the age at which a Levite begins to serve in the temple from thirty to twenty (1 Chronicles 23:24-27; contrast this with 1 Chronicles 23:3 and Numbers 4:23) and requires ten lampstands (2 Chronicles 4:7, 20) amongst the temple furnishings instead of the one six-branched lampstand sufficient for the tabernacle (Exodus 25:32; 37:17-23). Moreover, Chronicles harmonizes the conflicting Passover regulations about the preparation of the Passover animal. In Exodus 12:9, it is to be roasted and not eaten raw or boiled, while in Deuteronomy 16:7, it is to be boiled. 2 Chronicles 35:13 combines the two: “And they boiled the Passover lamb in the fire according to the decision (mišpaṭ)”; mišpaṭ here must mean “according to the interpretive tradition” ..."
Tawny Holm, “Moses in the Prophets and the Writings of the Hebrew Bible,” in Illuminating Moses: A History of Reception from Exodus to the Renaissance, ed. Jane Beal, Commentaria 4 (Leiden: Brill, 2014), 37–57.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Deuteronomy 16:7 and LXX 2 Chronicles 35:13

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