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Luke

About this book
Chapter 14

1 Now one Sabbath when Jesus went to dine at the house of a leader of the Pharisees, they were watching him closely. 2 There right in front of him was a man whose body was swollen with fluid. 3 So Jesus asked the experts in religious law and the Pharisees, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath or not?” 4 But they remained silent. So Jesus took hold of the man, healed him, and sent him away. 5 Then he said to them, “Which of you, if you have a son or an ox that has fallen into a well on a Sabbath day, will not immediately pull him out?” 6 But they could not reply to this. 7 Then when Jesus noticed how the guests chose the places of honor, he told them a parable. He said to them, 8 “When you are invited by someone to a wedding feast, do not take the place of honor because a person more distinguished than you may have been invited by your host. 9 So the host who invited both of you will come and say to you, ‘Give this man your place.’ Then, ashamed, you will begin to move to the least important place. 10 But when you are invited, go and take the least important place, so that when your host approaches he will say to you, ‘Friend, move up here to a better place.’ Then you will be honored in the presence of all who share the meal with you.⁠ 11 For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, but the one who humbles himself will be exalted.”⁠ 12 He said also to the man who had invited him, “When you host a dinner or a banquet, don’t invite your friends or your brothers or your relatives or rich neighbors so you can be invited by them in return and get repaid.⁠ 13 But when you host an elaborate meal, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, and the blind. 14 Then you will be blessed because they cannot repay you, for you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous.” 15 When one of those at the meal with Jesus heard this, he said to him, “Blessed is everyone who will feast in the kingdom of God!” 16 But Jesus said to him, “A man once gave a great banquet and invited many guests. 17 At the time for the banquet he sent his slave to tell those who had been invited, ‘Come, because everything is now ready.’⁠ 18 But one after another they all began to make excuses. The first said to him, ‘I have bought a field, and I must go out and see it. Please excuse me.’⁠ 19 Another said, ‘I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I am going out to examine them. Please excuse me.’ 20 Another said, ‘I just got married, and I cannot come.’⁠ 21 So the slave came back and reported this to his master. Then the master of the household was furious and said to his slave, ‘Go out quickly to the streets and alleys of the city, and bring in the poor, the crippled, the blind, and the lame.’ 22 Then the slave said, ‘Sir, what you instructed has been done, and there is still room.’ 23 So the master said to his slave, ‘Go out to the highways and country roads and urge people to come in, so that my house will be filled. 24 For I tell you, not one of those individuals who were invited will taste my banquet!’” 25 Now large crowds were accompanying Jesus, and turning to them he said, 26 “If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father and mother,⁠ and wife and children, and brothers and sisters,⁠ and even his own life,⁠ he cannot be my disciple. 27 Whoever does not carry his own cross and follow me cannot be my disciple. 28 For which of you, wanting to build a tower, doesn’t sit down first and compute the cost to see if he has enough money to complete it? 29 Otherwise, when he has laid a foundation and is not able to finish the tower, all who see it will begin to make fun of him. 30 They will say, ‘This man began to build and was not able to finish!’ 31 Or what king, going out to confront another king in battle, will not sit down first and determine whether he is able with 10,000 to oppose the one coming against him with 20,000?⁠ 32 If he cannot succeed, he will send a representative while the other is still a long way off and ask for terms of peace. 33 In the same way therefore not one of you can be my disciple if he does not renounce all his own possessions. 34 “Salt is good, but if salt loses its flavor, how can its flavor be restored? 35 It is of no value for the soil or for the manure pile; it is to be thrown out. The one who has ears to hear had better listen!”

Texts in conversation

Compare Luke 14:26 and Gospel of Thomas 101

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

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Summary

In Luke, Jesus tells disciples to prioritize discipleship even over their own families. In the Gospel of Thomas, he also tells them to love their parents as he does, adding a demand that forces readers to ask which parents he means in each case.

Passages

Luke 14:26

New Testament
25 Now large crowds were accompanying Jesus, and turning to them he said, 26 “If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father and mother, and wife and children, and brothers and sisters, and even his own life, he cannot be my disciple. 27 Whoever does not carry his own cross and follow me cannot be my disciple.
75–85 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Luke

Gospel of Thomas 101

Nag Hammadi
100 They showed Jesus a gold coin and said to him, “Caesar’s men demand taxes from us.” He said to them, “Give Caesar the things that are Caesar’s; give God the things that are God’s; and give me what is mine.” 101 Jesus said, “Whoever does not hate his [father] and mother as I do cannot be my disciple; and whoever does not love his [father] and mother as I do cannot be my disciple. For my mother gave me falsehood, but my true mother gave me life.” 102 Jesus said, “Woe to the Pharisees, for they are like a dog lying in the manger of oxen; the dog neither eats nor allows the oxen to eat.”
135–200 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Thomas

References

“... Luke derives vv. 26-27 from “Q” (see p. 79). Its Matthean parallel is found in 10:37-38, where it forms part of the mission discourse to the “twelve disciples.” The two sayings about the hating of parents and relatives and the carrying of one's cross appear in the same order in Matthew and Luke, despite their different wording; they were evidently united in “Q.” The Gospel of Thomas likewise presents a form of these two sayings joined together in § [...], but it also has a form of the first one alone in § 101. [...] In the Gospel of Thomas the form of these sayings is as follows: (§ 55) “Jesus said, ‘Whoever hates not his father and his mother cannot become my disciple, and (whoever) hates (not) his brothers and his sisters and takes (not) up his cross, as I do, shall not be worthy of me.’ ”(§ 101) “⟨Jesus said.⟩ ‘Whoever hates [no]t his fath[er] and his mother, as I (do), cannot become my d[iscipl]e; and whoever loves [not] his fa[ther a]nd his mother, as I (do), shall not become my d[isciple]. For my mother [ ], but [my] true [mother] gave me life.’ ” The first part of logion § 55 is closer to Matthew in its parallelism, but its ending follows Luke, as does its use of the vb. “hate.” [...] The first part of logion § 101 repeats § 55; its second part is a free composition modeled on the first and making use of gnostic ideas. ...”
Joseph A. Fitzmyer, The Gospel According to Luke X–XXIV (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1985), 1060–1061.

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Luke 14:26 and Gospel of Thomas 101

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