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Judges

About this book
Chapter 15

1 Sometime later, during the wheat harvest, Samson took a young goat as a gift and went to visit his bride. He said to her father, “I want to sleep with my bride in her bedroom!” But her father would not let him enter. 2 Her father said, “I really thought you absolutely despised her, so I gave her to your best man. Her younger sister is more attractive than she is. Take her instead!” 3 Samson said to them, “This time I am justified in doing the Philistines harm!” 4 Samson went and captured 300 jackals and got some torches. He tied the jackals in pairs by their tails and then tied a torch to each pair. 5 He lit the torches and set the jackals loose in the Philistines’ standing grain. He burned up the grain heaps and the standing grain, as well as the vineyards and olive groves. 6 The Philistines asked, “Who did this?” They were told, “Samson, the Timnite’s son-in-law, because the Timnite took Samson’s bride and gave her to his best man.” So the Philistines went up and burned her and her father. 7 Samson said to them, “Because you did this, I will get revenge against you before I quit fighting.” 8 He struck them down and defeated them. Then he went down and lived for a time in the cave in the cliff of Etam. 9 The Philistines went up and invaded Judah. They arrayed themselves for battle in Lehi. 10 The men of Judah said, “Why are you attacking us?” The Philistines said, “We have come up to take Samson prisoner so we can do to him what he has done to us.” 11 So 3,000 men of Judah went down to the cave in the cliff of Etam and said to Samson, “Do you not know that the Philistines rule over us? Why have you done this to us?” He said to them, “I have only done to them what they have done to me.” 12 They said to him, “We have come down to take you prisoner so we can hand you over to the Philistines.” Samson said to them, “Promise me you will not kill me.” 13 They said to him, “We promise! We will only take you prisoner and hand you over to them. We promise not to kill you.” They tied him up with two brand new ropes and led him up from the cliff. 14 When he arrived in Lehi, the Philistines shouted as they approached him. But the Lord’s Spirit empowered him. The ropes around his arms were like flax dissolving in fire, and they melted away from his hands. 15 He happened to see a solid jawbone of a donkey. He grabbed it and struck down 1,000 men.⁠ 16 Samson then said, “With the jawbone of a donkey I have left them in heaps; with the jawbone of a donkey I have struck down a thousand men!” 17 When he finished speaking, he threw the jawbone down and named that place Ramath Lehi. 18 He was very thirsty, so he cried out to the Lord and said, “You have given your servant this great victory. But now must I die of thirst and fall into the hands of these uncircumcised Philistines?” 19 So God split open the basin at Lehi, and water flowed out from it.⁠ When he took a drink, his strength was restored and he revived. For this reason he named the spring En Hakkore. It remains in Lehi to this very day. 20 Samson led Israel for 20 years during the days of Philistine prominence.

Texts in conversation

Compare Numbers 20:11 and Judges 15:19

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Numbers 20 describes Israel complaining to Moses until God brings water from a rock at Meribah. Judges 15 echoes this, describing Samson similarly complaining after his victory and receiving water from the ground at Lehi.

Passages

Numbers 20:11

Hebrew Bible
5 Why have you brought us up from Egypt only to bring us to this dreadful place? It is no place for grain, or figs, or vines, or pomegranates; nor is there any water to drink!” 6 So Moses and Aaron went from the presence of the assembly to the entrance to the tent of meeting. They then threw themselves down with their faces to the ground, and the glory of the Lord appeared to them. 7 Then the Lord spoke to Moses: 8 “Take the staff and assemble the community, you and Aaron your brother, and then speak to the rock before their eyes. It will pour forth its water, and you will bring water out of the rock for them, and so you will give the community and their beasts water to drink.” 9 So Moses took the staff from before the Lord, just as he commanded him. 10 Then Moses and Aaron gathered the community together in front of the rock, and he said to them, “Listen, you rebels, must we bring water out of this rock for you?” 11 Then Moses raised his hand, and struck the rock twice with his staff. And water came out abundantly. So the community drank, and their beasts drank too. 12 Then the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, “Because you did not trust me enough to show me as holy before the Israelites, therefore you will not bring this community into the land I have given them.” 13 These are the waters of Meribah, because the Israelites contended with the Lord, and his holiness was maintained among them.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Numbers

Judges 15:19

Hebrew Bible
17 When he finished speaking, he threw the jawbone down and named that place Ramath Lehi. 18 He was very thirsty, so he cried out to the Lord and said, “You have given your servant this great victory. But now must I die of thirst and fall into the hands of these uncircumcised Philistines?” 19 So God split open the basin at Lehi, and water flowed out from it. When he took a drink, his strength was restored and he revived. For this reason he named the spring En Hakkore. It remains in Lehi to this very day.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Judges

References

“... water is stated in the brief mention of the event in Nehemiah 9:15, 20 and also in Isaiah 48:21 which, as regards vocabulary, is reminiscent of Psalm 78:15, 20 (compare Van der Merwe, 216f.). See further also Wisdom of Solomon 11:4, 7f.; 5 Ezra 1:20. The description of the new exodus in the book of Isaiah speaks about streams of water in the desert in a manner (Isaiah 35:6f.; 41:17ff.; 43:20; 44:3; 49:9ff.; compare also Psalm 107:35) which recalls Psalm 78:15f.; 20; 105:41 (and also Isaiah 48:21). Nothing is said, however, about the rock(s) as source of the water. On the other hand, the Pentateuch and the Psalms are totally silent about a transformation of the desert. Water from a rock occurs also in an altogether different context; when Samson is dying from thirst God splits (בקע) the hollow place in Lehi so that water came from it (Judges 15:18f.) ...”
C. Houtman, Historical Commentary on the Old Testament: Exodus (Kok, 1993), 205–206.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Numbers 20:11 and Judges 15:19

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