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Jubilees

About this book

Noah’s Vineyard and His Family

Chapter 7

1 And in the seventh week in its first year [1317], in this jubilee, Noah planted vines on the mountain on which the ark had rested, named Lubar, one of the Ararat Mountains, and they produced fruit in the fourth year,⁠ [1320] and he guarded their fruit, and gathered it in this year in the seventh month. 2 And he made wine from it and put it into a container, and kept it until the fifth year, [1321] until the first day, on the new moon of the first month. 3 And he celebrated with joy the day of this feast, and he made a burnt sacrifice to the Lord, one young ox and one ram, and seven sheep, each a year old, and a young goat, so that he might make atonement by it for himself and his sons. 4 And he prepared the young goat first, and placed some of its blood on the horns of the altar which he had made, and all the fat he laid on the altar where he made the burnt sacrifice, and the ox and the ram and the sheep, and he laid all their flesh upon the altar. 5 And he placed all their offerings mixed with oil upon it, and afterwards he sprinkled wine on the fire which he had previously made on the altar, and he placed incense on the altar and caused a pleasing aroma to rise acceptable before the Lord his God. 6 And he rejoiced and drank of this wine, he and his children with joy. 7 And it was evening, and he went into his tent, and being drunk he lay down and slept, and was uncovered in his tent as he slept. 8 And Ham saw Noah his father naked, and went out and told his two brothers outside. 9 And Shem took his garment and got up, he and Japheth, and they placed the garment on their shoulders and went backward and covered the shame of their father, and their faces were backward. 10 And Noah awoke from his sleep and knew all that his younger son had done to him, and he cursed his son and said: 'Cursed be Canaan; an enslaved servant he shall be to his brothers.' 11 And he blessed Shem, and said: 'Blessed be the Lord God of Shem, and Canaan shall be his servant. 12 God shall enlarge Japheth, and God shall live in Shem's home, and Canaan shall be his servant.' 13 And Ham knew that his father had cursed his younger son, and he was displeased that he had cursed his son. And he left his father, he and his sons with him, Cush and Mizraim and Put and Canaan. 14 And he built for himself a city and named it after his wife Ne'elatama'uk. 15 And Japheth saw it, and became envious of his brother, and he too built for himself a city, and he named it after his wife 'Adataneses. 16 And Shem lived with his father Noah, and he built a city close to his father on the mountain, and he too named it after his wife Sedeqetelebab. 17 And these three cities are near Mount Lubar; Sedeqetelebab facing the mountain on its east; and Na'eltama'uk on the south; 'Adatan'eses toward the west. 18 And these are the sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad — this (son) was born two years after the flood — and Lud, and Aram. 19 The sons of Japheth: Gomer and Magog and Madai and Javan, Tubal and Meshech and Tiras: these are the sons of Noah.

Noah Instructs His Descendants

20 And in the twenty-eighth jubilee [1324-1372] Noah began to teach his grandsons the ordinances and commandments, and all the judgments that he knew, and he urged his sons to observe righteousness, and to cover the shame of their flesh,⁠ and to bless their Creator, and honor father and mother, and love their neighbor, and protect themselves from sexual immorality and impurity and all iniquity.⁠ 21 For because of these three things the flood came upon the earth, namely, because of the sexual immorality in which the Watchers against the commandments prescribed for them pursued sexual relations with human women, and married whichever women they chose: and they began the practice of impurity.⁠ 22 And they fathered sons, the Nephilim, and they were all unlike, and they devoured one another: and the Giants killed the Naphil, and the Naphil killed the Eljo, and the Eljo humanity, and one man another. 23 And everyone sold himself to do evil and to shed much blood, and the earth was filled with iniquity. 24 And after this they sinned against the wild animals and birds, and all that moves and walks on the earth: and much blood was shed on the earth, and all human thoughts and desires were directed toward what was worthless and evil continually. 25 And the Lord destroyed everything from the surface of the earth; because of the wickedness of their deeds, and because of the blood which they had shed on the earth He destroyed everything. 26 'And we were left, I and you, my sons, and everything that entered with us into the ark, and I see your works before me that you do not walk in righteousness: for in the path of destruction you have begun to walk, and you are separating from one another,⁠ and are envious of one another, and (so it comes) that you are not in harmony, my sons, each with his brother. 27 For I see, and the demons have begun (their) deceptions against you and against your children and now I fear on your behalf, that after my death you will shed the blood of men upon the earth, and that you, too, will be destroyed from the face of the earth. 28 For whoever sheds man's blood, and whoever eats the blood of any flesh, shall all be destroyed from the earth. 29 And there shall not be left any man that eats blood, or that sheds the blood of man on the earth, Nor shall there be left to him any offspring or descendants living under heaven; For into Sheol they shall go, And into the place of condemnation they shall descend, And into the darkness of the deep they shall all be removed by a violent death. 30 There shall be no blood seen upon you of all the blood there shall be all the days in which you have killed any wild animals or cattle or whatever flies upon the earth, and do something good for yourselves by covering that which has been shed on the face of the earth. 31 And you shall not be like him who eats with blood, but guard yourselves that none may eat blood before you: cover the blood, for in this way I have been commanded to testify to you and your children, together with all flesh. 32 And do not allow the soul to be eaten with the flesh, so that your blood, which is your life, may not be demanded from any flesh that sheds (it) on the earth. 33 For the earth will not be clean from the blood which has been shed upon it; for (only) through the blood of him that shed it the earth will be purified throughout all its generations. 34 And now, my children, listen: act justly and righteously so that you may be planted in righteousness over the face of the whole earth, and your glory lifted up before my God, who saved me from the waters of the flood. 35 And look, you will go and build for yourselves cities, and plant in them all the plants that are upon the earth, and moreover all fruit-bearing trees. 36 For three years the fruit of everything that is eaten will not be gathered: and in the fourth year its fruit will be considered holy [and they will offer the first-fruits], acceptable before the Most High God, who created heaven and earth and all things. Let them offer in abundance the first of the wine and oil (as) first-fruits on the altar of the Lord, who receives it, and what is left let the servants of the house of the Lord eat before the altar which receives (it). 37 And in the fifth year make the release so that you release it in righteousness and uprightness, and you shall be righteous, and all that you plant shall prosper.⁠ 38 For thus Enoch, the father of your father, commanded Methuselah, his son, and Methuselah his son Lamech, and Lamech commanded me all the things which his fathers commanded him. 39 And I also will give you instructions, my sons, as Enoch commanded his son in the first jubilees: while still living, the seventh in his generation, he commanded and testified to his son and to his grandsons until the day of his death.'

Texts in conversation

Compare Jubilees 7:26 and 2 Enoch 30:15

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

Jubilees and 2 Enoch apply the tradition of the “two ways” from Deuteronomy to earlier figures, with Jubilees using it with Noah and 2 Enoch with Adam. Both believed that this moral choice was so important it must have existed before the Torah.

Passages

Jubilees 7:26

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
25 And the Lord destroyed everything from the surface of the earth; because of the wickedness of their deeds, and because of the blood which they had shed on the earth He destroyed everything. 26 'And we were left, I and you, my sons, and everything that entered with us into the ark, and I see your works before me that you do not walk in righteousness: for in the path of destruction you have begun to walk, and you are separating from one another, and are envious of one another, and (so it comes) that you are not in harmony, my sons, each with his brother. 27 For I see, and the demons have begun (their) deceptions against you and against your children and now I fear on your behalf, that after my death you will shed the blood of men upon the earth, and that you, too, will be destroyed from the face of the earth.
170–125 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jubilees

2 Enoch 30:15

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Secrets of Enoch
14 and I appointed for him four special stars, and I called his name Adam, 15 and showed him the two ways, the light and the darkness, and I told him: 'This is good, and that is bad,' so that I might learn whether he has love toward me, or hatred, so that it would be clear which of his race love me.
1–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Enoch

References

"... In the Book of Jubilees 7:26 it says ... The sharpness of the opposition between the good and evil way also appears in 2 Enoch (or the Slavonic Apocalypse of Enoch) 30:15 ... So far, we have seen the Two Ways metaphor couched within polar tendencies of good and evil, moral and immoral qualities, and righteous and wicked people ..."
Huub van de Sandt and David Flusser, The Didache: Its Jewish Sources and Its Place in Early Judaism and Christianity, Compendia Rerum Iudaicarum ad Novum Testamentum, Section 3: Jewish Traditions in Early Christian Literature 5 (Assen: Royal Van Gorcum, 2002), 146.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jubilees 7:26 and 2 Enoch 30:15

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