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Jubilees

About this book

The Binding of Isaac

Chapter 18

1 And God said to him, 'Abraham, Abraham'; and he said, Here I am.' 2 And he said, Take your beloved son whom you love, (even) Isaac,⁠ and go to the high country, and offer him on one of the mountains which I will point out to you.' 3 And he rose early in the morning and saddled his donkey, and took his two young men with him, and Isaac his son, and split the wood of the burnt offering, and he went to the place on the third day, and he saw the place far off. 4 And he came to a well of water, and he said to his young men, 'Stay here with the donkey, and I and the boy shall go (over there), and when we have worshipped we shall return to you.' 5 And he took the wood of the burnt-offering and laid it on Isaac his son, and he took in his hand the fire and the knife, and they went both of them together to that place. 6 And Isaac said to his father, 'Father;' and he said, 'Here I am, my son.' And he said to him, 'Here are the fire, and the knife, and the wood; but where is the sheep for the burnt-offering, father?' 7 And he said, 'God will provide for himself a sheep for a burnt-offering, my son.' And he came close to the place of the mountain of God. 8 And he built an altar, and he placed the wood on the altar, and bound Isaac his son, and placed him on the wood which was upon the altar, and reached out his hand to take the knife to kill Isaac his son. 9 And I stood before him, and before the prince Mastema, and the Lord said, 'Tell him not to lay his hand on the boy, nor to do anything to him, for I have shown that he fears the Lord.' 10 And I called to him from heaven, and said to him: 'Abraham, Abraham;' and he was terrified and said: 'Here I am.' 11 And I said to him: 'Do not lay your hand upon the boy, neither do anything to him; for now I have shown that you fear the Lord, and have not withheld your son, your firstborn son, from me.' 12 And the prince Mastema was put to shame; and Abraham looked up and saw a ram caught by his horns, and Abraham went and took the ram and offered it for a burnt-offering in place of his son. 13 And Abraham called that place 'The Lord has seen', so that it is said in the mountain the Lord has seen: that is Mount Zion. 14 And the Lord called Abraham by his name a second time from heaven, as he caused us to appear to speak to him in the name of the Lord. 15 And he said: 'By Myself I have sworn, says the Lord, Because you have done this thing, And have not withheld your son, your beloved son, from Me, That in blessing I will bless you, And in multiplying I will multiply your descendants As the stars of heaven, And as the sand which is on the seashore. And your descendants shall inherit the cities of their enemies, 16 And in your descendants all nations of the earth shall be blessed; Because you have obeyed My voice, And I have shown to all that you are faithful to Me in all that I have said to you:⁠ Go in peace.'

The Return and the Commemorative Festival

17 And Abraham went to his young men, and they got up and went together to Beersheba, and Abraham lived by the Well of the Oath [2010]. 18 And he celebrated this festival every year, seven days with joy, and he called it the festival of the Lord according to the seven days during which he went and returned in peace. 19 And accordingly it has been ordained and written on the heavenly tablets regarding Israel and its descendants that they should observe this festival seven days with the joy of festival.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 22:2 and LXX Genesis 22:2 and Jubilees 18:2

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint · Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions

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Summary

Genesis 22 in Hebrew, the Greek Septuagint, and Jubilees describe God asking Abraham to offer Isaac. The Hebrew text calls Isaac “your only son,” but the Septuagint and Jubilees instead call him “the one you love,” and remove that uniqueness.
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Passages

Genesis 22:2

Hebrew Bible
1 Some time after these things God tested Abraham. He said to him, “Abraham!” “Here I am!” Abraham replied. 2 God said, “Take your son—your only son, whom you love, Isaac—and go to the land of Moriah! Offer him up there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains which I will indicate to you.” 3 Early in the morning Abraham got up and saddled his donkey. He took two of his young servants with him, along with his son Isaac. When he had cut the wood for the burnt offering, he started out for the place God had spoken to him about.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

LXX Genesis 22:2

Septuagint
1 And it happened after these things that God tested Abraham, and said to him, Abraham, Abraham; and he said, Look! I am here. 2 And he said, Take your son, the beloved one, whom you have loved, Isaac, and go into the high land, and offer him there for a whole burnt offering on one of the mountains which I will tell you of. 3 And Abraham rose up in the morning and saddled his donkey, and he took with him two servants, and Isaac his son, and having split wood for a whole burnt offering, he arose and departed, and came to the place of which God spoke to him,
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Genesis

Jubilees 18:2

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
1 And God said to him, 'Abraham, Abraham'; and he said, Here I am.' 2 And he said, Take your beloved son whom you love, (even) Isaac, and go to the high country, and offer him on one of the mountains which I will point out to you.' 3 And he rose early in the morning and saddled his donkey, and took his two young men with him, and Isaac his son, and split the wood of the burnt offering, and he went to the place on the third day, and he saw the place far off.
170–125 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jubilees

References

"... This represents the version of the text preserved in the Septuagint, which apparently had 'your beloved' for the Masoretic Text 'your only one' ..."
James L. Kugel, A Walk through Jubilees: Studies in the Book of Jubilees and the World of Its Creation (Leiden: Brill, 2012), 110.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 22:2 and LXX Genesis 22:2 and Jubilees 18:2

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