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Joseph and Aseneth

About this book
Chapter 14

1 And, when Asenath had finished making her confession to the Lord, look, the morning star also rose in the sky in the east; 2 and Asenath saw it and was delighted and said: "Has the Lord God heard my prayer? For this star is a messenger and herald of the light of the great day." 3 And look, close by the morning star the sky was torn open and a great and indescribable light appeared.⁠ 4 And when she saw it Asenath fell on her face on the ashes, and at once a man came to her from heaven, sending out rays of light, and stood above her head. And, as she lay on her face, the divine angel said to her, "Asenath, stand up." 5 And she said: "Who is it that called me? For the door of my room is shut and the tower is high, and how then has he come into my room?" 6 And he called her again a second time, saying, "Asenath, Asenath." And she said, "Here I am, lord, tell me who you are." 7 And he said: "I am the supreme commander of the Lord God and commander of the whole army of the Most High: stand up and stand on your feet, so that I may speak my words to you." 8 And she lifted up her face and saw, and look, a man like Joseph in every way, with a robe, a wreath, and a royal staff, 9 except that his face was like lightning, and his eyes like the light of the sun, and the hair of his head like the flame of a burning torch, and his hands and his feet like iron glowing from the fire,⁠ for what seemed like sparks came from both his hands and his feet. 10 Seeing these things Asenath was afraid and fell on her face, unable even to stand on her feet, for she became greatly afraid and all her limbs trembled. 11 And the man said to her: "Take heart, Asenath, and do not be afraid; but stand up and stand on your feet, so that I may speak my words to you." 12 Then Asenath stood up and stood on her feet, and the angel said to her: "Go without hesitation into your second room and take off the black tunic you are wearing, and remove the sackcloth from your waist, and shake out the ashes from your head, 13 and wash your face and your hands with spring water⁠ and put on a white robe that has never been worn and fasten around your waist the bright double belt of your virginity, 14 and come back to me, and I will tell you the message sent to you from the Lord." 15 Then Asenath hurried and went into her second room, where the chests of her jewelry were, and opened her chest and took a fine white robe that had never been worn and put it on, after first taking off the black robe, 16 and also untied the rope and the sackcloth from her waist and fastened on a bright double belt of her virginity, one belt around her waist and another around her breast. 17 And she also shook the ashes out from her head and washed her hands and face with spring water, and she took a very beautiful, fine head covering and covered her head.

Texts in conversation

Compare Ezekiel 1:1 and Joseph and Aseneth 14:3

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions

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Summary

Joseph and Aseneth echoes the imagery of Ezekiel by describing the heavens opening, a brilliant light, and a shining heavenly figure that overwhelms the seer. Just as Ezekiel collapses near the Kebar River, Aseneth falls on her face before the figure.

Passages

Ezekiel 1:1

Hebrew Bible
1 In the thirtieth year, on the fifth day of the fourth month, while I was among the exiles at the Kebar River, the heavens opened and I saw a divine vision. 2 (On the fifth day of the month—it was the fifth year of King Jehoiachin’s exile— 3 the Lord’s message came to the priest Ezekiel the son of Buzi, at the Kebar River in the land of the Babylonians. The hand of the Lord came on him there.) 4 As I watched, I noticed a windstorm coming from the north—an enormous cloud, with lightning flashing, such that bright light rimmed it and came from it like glowing amber from the middle of a fire.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Ezekiel

Joseph and Aseneth 14:3

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
1 And, when Asenath had finished making her confession to the Lord, look, the morning star also rose in the sky in the east; 2 and Asenath saw it and was delighted and said: "Has the Lord God heard my prayer? For this star is a messenger and herald of the light of the great day." 3 And look, close by the morning star the sky was torn open and a great and indescribable light appeared. 4 And when she saw it Asenath fell on her face on the ashes, and at once a man came to her from heaven, sending out rays of light, and stood above her head. And, as she lay on her face, the divine angel said to her, "Asenath, stand up." 5 And she said: "Who is it that called me? For the door of my room is shut and the tower is high, and how then has he come into my room?"
100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Joseph and Aseneth

References

"... For our purposes, however, the most instructive example of borrowing from Ezekiel 1-2 appears in Joseph and Aseneth. In the book's fourteenth chapter, the heavens are split and a great light appears. Aseneth then falls on her face. A heavenly 'man', the commander of the host of the Most High, descends and calls to her. When she raises her head to see him, his face is like lightning, his eyes like sunshine, his hair a flame of fire and a burning torch ..."
Dale C. Allison, “Acts 9:1–9, 22:6–11, 26:12–18: Paul and Ezekiel,” JBL 135.4 (2016): 807–26.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Ezekiel 1:1 and Joseph and Aseneth 14:3

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