Go to Related Reading
About this book

Jonathan Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 55

1 Everyone who is willing to learn, let him come and learn; and he who has no silver, come, hear and learn; come, hear and learn,⁠ without price and without money, teaching that is better than wine and milk. 2 Why do you weigh out your silver for what is not food, and your wealth for what does not satisfy? Listen diligently to my Memra, and you will eat what is good, and let your soul delight itself in abundance. 3 Incline your ear and receive the instruction of my Torah; obey my Memra, and your soul will live, and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, the sure mercies of David. 4 I have appointed him a prince, a king, and a ruler over all the kingdoms. 5 A people whom you do not know will serve you, and a people who have not known you will run to offer tribute to you, because of the LORD your God and for the Holy One of Israel, for He has glorified you. 6 Seek the fear of the LORD while you are alive; make supplication before His presence while you remain. 7 Let the wicked forsake his way of wickedness, and the man of violence his thoughts, and let him return to the worship of the LORD, and He will have mercy on him; and let him return to the fear of our God, for He will abundantly pardon. 8 For your thoughts are not as my thoughts, and your ways are not right, like the ways of my goodness, says the LORD. 9 For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways better than your ways, and my thoughts better than your thoughts. 10 For as the rain comes down, and the snow from heaven, and does not return there, but waters the earth and makes it sprout and be fruitful, that it may give abundant grain of seed to the sower and food enough for the eater, 11 so will be the word of my kindness that proceeds from my presence; it will not return to my presence void, but it will accomplish what I please and will prosper in the thing for which I sent it. 12 For you will go out with joy from among the nations, and with peace you will be led to your land; the mountains and the hills will rejoice before you with praise, and all the trees of the field will clap with their branches. 13 Instead of the wicked the righteous will rise up, and instead of sinners those who fear sin will rise up; and it will be before the LORD for a name, for an everlasting sign that will not cease.

Texts in conversation

Compare John 6:45 and Jonathan Isaiah 55:1

New Testament · Targum

Share:

Summary

John 6 echoes the Aramaic translation of Isaiah 55 in the Targum, which invites people to “come, hear, and learn.” John also quotes the Hebrew version of Isaiah 54, and its repeated “come to me” resembles the Targum, suggesting an Aramaic influence.

Passages

John 6:45

New Testament
43 Jesus replied, “Do not complain about me to one another. 44 No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him, and I will raise him up at the last day. 45 It is written in the prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who hears and learns from the Father comes to me. 46 (Not that anyone has seen the Father except the one who is from God—he has seen the Father.) 47 I tell you the solemn truth, the one who believes has eternal life.
90–110 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in John

Jonathan Isaiah 55:1

Targum
1 Everyone who is willing to learn, let him come and learn; and he who has no silver, come, hear and learn; come, hear and learn, without price and without money, teaching that is better than wine and milk. 2 Why do you weigh out your silver for what is not food, and your wealth for what does not satisfy? Listen diligently to my Memra, and you will eat what is good, and let your soul delight itself in abundance. 3 Incline your ear and receive the instruction of my Torah; obey my Memra, and your soul will live, and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, the sure mercies of David. 4 I have appointed him a prince, a king, and a ruler over all the kingdoms.
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Isaiah

References

"... In the first part of John 6:45, Jesus quotes from Isaiah 54:13, ‘they shall all be taught of God,’ virtually identical to the Masoretic text, whereas Targum Isaiah has, ‘All your sons shall be taught in the law of the LORD.’ Let us assume for the sake of argument that this was also the Targum reading at the time of Jesus’ ministry, which would mean that Jesus did not quote the Targum addition as part of what ‘is written in the prophets.’ Yet, Jesus apparently does go on to utilize targumic terminology from just a few verses later, where the verbs ‘come, buy, and eat’’ from the divine invitation of Isaiah 55:1 are rendered with ‘come, hear, and learn’ in the Targum ... Is this coincidence, or is Jesus purposely using Targum terminology here, though not quoting it as Scripture? There are a number of reasons for saying that the ‘come(s) to me’ language of this verse and the chapter as a whole (verses 35, 37, 44, 65) depends on Isaiah 55:1-3, a fact which would make it more likely that there is a deliberate use of the Targum terminology in John 6:45 ..."
John L. Ronning, “The Targum of Isaiah and the Johannine Literature,” WTJ 69 (2007): 247–278.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

John 6:45 and Jonathan Isaiah 55:1

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library